ArticleThe Journal of cell biology1997
Identification of novel graded polarity actin filament bundles in locomoting heart fibroblasts: implications for the generation of motile force.
Article in The Journal of cell biology, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 132 papers.
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Who cites it
132 citing papers in PubMed, 310 citations in OpenAlex.
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- A Rab-bit hole: Rab40 GTPases as new regulators of the actin cytoskeleton and cell migration.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
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- Caldesmon controls stress fiber force-balance through dynamic cross-linking of myosin II and actin-tropomyosin filaments.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Thermodynamic Control of Activity Patterns in Cytoskeletal Networks.Physical review letters · 2022Article
- Merging of ventral fibers at adhesions drives the remodeling of cellular contractile systems in fibroblasts.Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2022Article
- p53 Related Protein Kinase is Required for Arp2/3-Dependent Actin Dynamics of Hemocytes inFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
- Correlative cryo-ET identifies actin/tropomyosin filaments that mediate cell-substrate adhesion in cancer cells and mechanosensitivity of cell proliferation.Nature materials · 2022Article
- A Layered View on Focal Adhesions.Biology · 2021Review
- Novel Ion Channel Targets and Drug Delivery Tools for Controlling Glioblastoma Cell Invasiveness.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
72 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We have determined the structural organization and dynamic behavior of actin filaments in entire primary locomoting heart fibroblasts by S1 decoration, serial section EM, and photoactivation of fluorescence. As expected, actin filaments in the lamellipodium of these cells have uniform polarity with barbed ends facing forward. In the lamella, cell body, and tail there are two observable types of actin filament organization. A less abundant type is located on the inner surface of the plasma membrane and is composed of short, overlapping actin bundles (0.25-2.5 microm) that repeatedly alternate in polarity from uniform barbed ends forward to uniform pointed ends forward. This type of organization is similar to the organization we show for actin filament bundles (stress fibers) in nonlocomoting cells (PtK2 cells) and to the known organization of muscle sarcomeres. The more abundant type of actin filament organization in locomoting heart fibroblasts is mostly ventrally located and is composed of long, overlapping bundles (average 13 microm, but can reach up to about 30 microm) which span the length of the cell. This more abundant type has a novel graded polarity organization. In each actin bundle, polarity gradually changes along the length of the bundle. Actual actin filament polarity at any given point in the bundle is determined by position in the cell; the closer to the front of the cell the more barbed ends of actin filaments face forward. By photoactivation marking in locomoting heart fibroblasts, as expected in the lamellipodium, actin filaments flow rearward with respect to substrate. In the lamella, all marked and observed actin filaments remain stationary with respect to substrate as the fibroblast locomotes. In the cell body of locomoting fibroblasts there are two dynamic populations of actin filaments: one remains stationary and the other moves forward with respect to substrate at the rate of the cell body. This is the first time that the structural organization and dynamics of actin filaments have been determined in an entire locomoting cell. The organization, dynamics, and relative abundance of graded polarity actin filament bundles have important implications for the generation of motile force during primary heart fibroblast locomotion.
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