ArticleMammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society1997
Analysis of mutation rates in the SMCY/SMCX genes shows that mammalian evolution is male driven.
Article in Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Developmental basis of male nipple loss and retention in mammals.Research square · 2025Article
- Loss of STAT3 in osteoblasts has detrimental and sexually dimorphic effects on skeletal development.PloS one · 2024Article
- Parallel Evolution of Sex-Linked Genes across XX/XY and ZZ/ZW Sex Chromosome Systems in the FrogGenes · 2023Article
- Sexually Dimorphic Neurosteroid Synthesis Regulates Neuronal Activity in the Murine Brain.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Article
- Prenatal low-dose methyltestosterone, but not dihydrotestosterone, treatment induces penile formation in female mice and guinea pigs†.Biology of reproduction · 2020Article
- Mitotic antipairing of homologous and sex chromosomes via spatial restriction of two haploid sets.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Permissiveness to form pluripotent stem cells may be an evolutionarily derived characteristic in Mus musculus.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Transcriptional activity of oestrogen receptors in the course of embryo development.The Journal of endocrinology · 2018Article
- Investigation of Histone Lysine-Specific Demethylase 5D KDM5D) Isoform Expression in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines: a System Approach.Iranian biomedical journal · 2016Article
- Y-Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Diversity in Chinese Indigenous Horse.Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences · 2015Article
- Rapid identification of targeted transgene integrations in ES cells by fluorescence detection.Transgenic research · 2014Article
- Murine arcuate nucleus kisspeptin neurons communicate with GnRH neurons in utero.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2014Article
- Length difference between equine ZFX and ZFY genes and its application for molecular sex determination.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2010Article
- Embryonic gonadotropin-releasing hormone signaling is necessary for maturation of the male reproductive axis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2010Article
- Genetic interaction between Lrp6 and Wnt5a during mouse development.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2010Article
- Programmed genetic instability: a tumor-permissive mechanism for maintaining the evolvability of higher species through methylation-dependent mutation of DNA repair genes in the male germ line.Molecular biology and evolution · 2008Article
- Characteristics, causes and evolutionary consequences of male-biased mutation.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2007Review
- Substitution rate heterogeneity and the male mutation bias.Journal of molecular evolution · 2006Article
- Fast accumulation of nonsynonymous mutations on the female-specific W chromosome in birds.Journal of molecular evolution · 2006Article
- Inefficient purifying selection: the mammalian Y chromosome in the rodent genus Mus.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2006Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mammalian evolution is believed to be male driven because the greater number of germ cell divisions per generation in males increases the opportunity for errors in DNA replication. Since the Y Chromosome (Chr) replicates exclusively in males, its genes should also evolve faster than X or autosomal genes. In addition, estimating the overall male-to-female mutation ratio (alpha m) is of great importance as a large alpha m implies that replication-independent mutagenic events play a relatively small role in evolution. A small alpha m suggests that the impact of these factors may, in fact, be significant. In order to address this problem, we have analyzed the rates of evolution in the homologous X-Y common SMCX/SMCY genes from three different species--mouse, human, and horse. The SMC genes were chosen because the X and Y copies are highly homologous, well conserved in evolution, and in all probability functionally interchangeable. Sequence comparisons and analysis of synonymous substitutions in approximately 1kb of the 5' coding region of the SMC genes reveal that the Y-linked copies are evolving approximately 1.8 times faster than their X homologs. The male-to-female mutation ratio alpha m was estimated to be 3. These data support the hypothesis that mammalian evolution is male driven. However, the ratio value is far smaller than suggested in earlier works, implying significance of replication-independent mutagenic events in evolution.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.