ArticleJournal of virology1997
Double-stranded RNA is a trigger for apoptosis in vaccinia virus-infected cells.
Article in Journal of virology, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 193 citations in OpenAlex.
- Roles and Applications of Circular RNA in Virus Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Subversion of Programed Cell Death by Poxviruses.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2023Article
- PANoptosis in Viral Infection: The Missing Puzzle Piece in the Cell Death Field.Journal of molecular biology · 2022Review
- Vaccinia virus E3 prevents sensing of Z-RNA to block ZBP1-dependent necroptosis.Cell host & microbe · 2021Article
- Animal Coronaviruses Induced Apoptosis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Article
- Protein Kinase R in Bacterial Infections: Friend or Foe?Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Poxviral Strategies to Overcome Host Cell Apoptosis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Article
- Review
- A heterologous prime-boosting strategy with replicating Vaccinia virus vectors and plant-produced HIV-1 Gag/dgp41 virus-like particles.Virology · 2017Article
- Article
- Pro-Apoptotic Kinase Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid as Potential Future Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease.Frontiers in neurology · 2015Review
- Analysis of the anti-apoptotic activity of four vaccinia virus proteins demonstrates that B13 is the most potent inhibitor in isolation and during viral infection.The Journal of general virology · 2014Article
- Review
- Use of a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing interferon gamma for post-exposure protection against vaccinia and ectromelia viruses.PloS one · 2013Article
- Role of type I interferons in inflammasome activation, cell death, and disease during microbial infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2013Review
- Virotherapy, gene transfer and immunostimulatory monoclonal antibodies.Oncoimmunology · 2012Article
- Bacterial RNA induces myocyte cellular dysfunction through the activation of PKR.Journal of thoracic disease · 2012Article
- Exposure to the viral by-product dsRNA or Coxsackievirus B5 triggers pancreatic beta cell apoptosis via a Bim / Mcl-1 imbalance.PLoS pathogens · 2011Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The vaccinia virus E3L gene codes for double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) binding proteins which can prevent activation of the dsRNA-dependent, interferon-induced protein kinase PKR. Activated PKR has been shown to induce apoptosis in HeLa cells. HeLa cells infected with vaccinia virus with the E3L gene deleted have also been shown to undergo apoptosis, whereas HeLa cells infected with wild-type vaccinia virus do not. In this report, using virus recombinants expressing mutant E3L products or alternative dsRNA binding proteins, we show that suppression of induction of apoptosis correlates with functional binding of proteins to dsRNA. Infection of HeLa cells with ts23, which leads to synthesis of increased dsRNA at restrictive temperature, induced apoptosis at restrictive but not permissive temperatures. Treatment of cells with cytosine arabinoside, which blocks the late buildup of dsRNA in vaccinia virus-infected cells, prevented induction of apoptosis by vaccinia virus with E3L deleted. Cells transfected with dsRNA in the absence of virus infection also underwent apoptosis. These results suggest that dsRNA is a trigger that can initiate a suicide response in virus-infected and perhaps uninfected cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.