ArticleClinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology1997
Mycobacterium tuberculosis efpA encodes an efflux protein of the QacA transporter family.
Article in Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Soil microbial responses to multiple global change factors as assessed by metagenomics.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Structure and inhibition mechanisms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis essential transporter efflux protein A.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Structure and function ofProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Structures of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis efflux pump EfpA reveal the mechanisms of transport and inhibition.Nature communications · 2024Article
- EfpA is required for regrowth ofAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Structures of the essential efflux pump EfpA fromResearch square · 2024Article
- Advances in the design of combination therapies for the treatment of tuberculosis.Expert opinion on drug discovery · 2023Review
- Multi-site fungicides suppress banana Panama disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- The Putative Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) Protein Named Rv1877 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Behaves as a Multidrug Efflux Pump.Current microbiology · 2022Article
- Critical discussion on drug efflux in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2022Review
- Comparative Genomics of Mycobacterium avium Complex Reveals Signatures of Environment-Specific Adaptation and Community Acquisition.mSystems · 2021Article
- The Mycobacterial Efflux Pump EfpA Can Induce High Drug Tolerance to Many Antituberculosis Drugs, Including Moxifloxacin, in Mycobacterium smegmatis.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2021Article
- Multidrug efflux pumps: structure, function and regulation.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2018Review
- Insights onFrontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- New Insights in to the Intrinsic and Acquired Drug Resistance Mechanisms in Mycobacteria.Frontiers in microbiology · 2017Review
- Interplay between Mutations and Efflux in Drug Resistant Clinical Isolates ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- Energy metabolism and drug efflux in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2014Review
- The role of transport mechanisms in mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance and tolerance.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2012Article
- Contribution of efflux to the emergence of isoniazid and multidrug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.PloS one · 2012Article
- A balancing act: efflux/influx in mycobacterial drug resistance.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2009Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv efpA gene encodes a putative efflux protein, EfpA, of 55,670 Da. The deduced EfpA protein was similar in secondary structure to Pur8, MmrA, TcmA, LfrA, EmrB, and other members of the QacA transporter family (QacA TF) which mediate antibiotic and chemical resistance in bacteria and yeast. The predicted EfpA sequence possessed all transporter motifs characteristic of the QacA TF, including those associated with proton-antiport function and the motif considered to be specific to exporters. The 1,590-bp efpA open reading frame was G+C rich (65%), whereas the 40-bp region immediately upstream had an A+T bias (35% G+C). Reverse transcriptase-PCR assays indicated that efpA was expressed in vitro and in situ. Putative promoter sequences were partially overlapped by the A+T-rich region and by a region capable of forming alternative secondary structures indicative of transcriptional regulation in analogous systems. PCR single-stranded conformational polymorphism analysis demonstrated that these upstream flanking sequences and the 231-bp, 5' coding region are highly conserved among both drug-sensitive and multiply-drug-resistant isolates of M. tuberculosis. The efpA gene was present in the slow-growing human pathogens M. tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae, and Mycobacterium bovis and in the opportunistic human pathogens Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellular. However, efpA was not present in 17 other opportunistically pathogenic or nonpathogenic mycobacterial species.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.