Evidence map›Paper›PMID 9002330›Full record

ArticleBulletin of the World Health Organization1996

Standard management of acute respiratory infections in a children's hospital in Pakistan: impact on antibiotic use and case fatality.

S A Qazi, G N Rehman, M A Khan

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC
In one paragraph

Article in Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 33% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.

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  19. Comparative impact assessment of child pneumonia interventions.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2009
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

S A QaziChildren's Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan.
G N Rehman
M A Khan

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are a leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in Pakistan. The National ARI Control Programme was launched in 1989 in order to reduce the mortality attributed to pneumonia, and rationalize the use of drugs in the management of patients with ARI. WHO's standard ARI case management guidelines were adopted to achieve these objectives. The medical staff at the Children's Hospital, Islamabad, were trained in such management in early 1990; further training sessions were conducted when new staff arrived. Data on outpatients were obtained from special ARI abstract registers, which have been maintained in the outpatient department since January 1990. Details on inpatients who were admitted with ARI were obtained from hospital registers. During the period 1989-92, the use of antibiotics in the outpatient department decreased from 54.6% to 22.9% (P < 0.0001). The case fatality rate (CFR) in children admitted with ARI fell from 9.9% to 4.9% (P < 0.0001), while the overall case fatality rate fell from 8.7% to 6.2%. Our results from a tertiary health care facility show that standard ARI case management reduced both antibiotic use and expenditure on drugs. Although the ARI case management criteria, which are more sensitive than the conventional diagnostic criteria of auscultation and radiography, led to more admissions, we believe that this strategy contributed to a significant reduction in the ARI case fatality rate.

Indexed as

Acute DiseaseAnti-Bacterial AgentsChild, PreschoolDrug CostsHumansInfantInfant Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaNutritional StatusPakistanRespiratory Tract InfectionsTreatment OutcomeAnti-Bacterial AgentsAge FactorsAntibiotics--therapeutic useAsiaChildChild MortalityChild SurvivalDelivery Of Health CareDemographic FactorsDeveloping CountriesDiseasesDrugsHealthHealth FacilitiesHospitalsInfantInfectionsLength Of LifeMortalityPakistanPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsPopulation DynamicsResearch MethodologyResearch ReportRespiratory Infections--prevention and controlRetrospective StudiesSouthern AsiaStudiesSurvivorshipTreatmentYouth

Identifiers

PMID9002330
PMCPMC2486861
OpenAlexW1640350970

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.