ReviewPsychopharmacology1996
Mechanisms of action of atypical antipsychotic drugs: a critical analysis.
Review in Psychopharmacology, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Systematic review and network meta-analysis of the efficacy, safety and tolerability of xanomeline plus trospium chloride compared with eight oral antipsychotics for the acute treatment of schizophrenia.Journal of comparative effectiveness research · 2026Pooled it
- Defining the Locus of Dopaminergic Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: A Meta-analysis and Test of the Mesolimbic Hypothesis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2018Pooled it
- Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- A systematic review on clinical management of antipsychotic-induced sexual dysfunction in schizophrenia.Sao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina · 2006Pooled it
- Genomewide pharmacogenomic study of metabolic side effects to antipsychotic drugs.Molecular psychiatry · 2011Trial
- Prolactin levels in male schizophrenic patients treated with risperidone and haloperidol: a double-blind and randomized study.Psychopharmacology · 2005Trial
- Olanzapine-Induced Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Case Report.Cureus · 2025Article
- Transcriptional evidence of reduced BDNF trophic capacity in the post-mortem human midbrain of schizophrenia cases with high inflammation.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- From theory to therapy: unlocking the potential of muscarinic receptor activation in schizophrenia with the dual M1/M4 muscarinic receptor agonist xanomeline and trospium chloride and insights from clinical trials.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Review
- The Cross-Talk Between the Dopaminergic and the Immune System Involved in Schizophrenia.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Review
- Schizophrenia, Dopamine and the Striatum: From Biology to Symptoms.Trends in neurosciences · 2019Review
- Clozapine Intoxication Mimicking Acute Stroke.Clinical practice and cases in emergency medicine · 2018Article
- Mining the Potential of Label-Free Biosensors for In Vitro Antipsychotic Drug Screening.Biosensors · 2018Article
- Factors Related to Early Clinical Effects of Quetiapine Extended-Release: A Multinational, Prospective, Observational Study.Clinical drug investigation · 2016Observational
- Dopamine Targeting Drugs for the Treatment of Schizophrenia: Past, Present and Future.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2016Review
- Aripiprazole-associated tic in a schizophrenia patient.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2015Article
- Dopamine D3 and 5-HT1B receptor dysregulation as a result of psychostimulant intake and forced abstinence: Implications for medications development.Neuropharmacology · 2014Review
- Paliperidone extended-release: safety and tolerability from a metabolic profile perspective.Clinical drug investigation · 2013Review
- The effectiveness of treatments for cocaine dependence in schizophrenic patients: a systematic review.Current neuropharmacology · 2013Article
- Effect of D-cycloserine in conjunction with fear extinction training on extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation in the medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala in rat.The European journal of neuroscience · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Various criteria used to define atypical antipsychotic drugs include: 1) decrease, or absence, of the capacity to cause acute extrapyramidal motor side effects (acute EPSE) and tardive dyskinesia (TD); 2) increased therapeutic efficacy reflected by improvement in positive, negative, or cognitive symptoms; 3) and a decrease, or absence, of the capacity to increase prolactin levels. The pharmacologic basis of atypical antipsychotic drug activity has been the target of intensive study since the significance of clozapine was first appreciated. Three notions have been utilized conceptually to explain the distinction between atypical versus typical antipsychotic drugs: 1) dose-response separation between particular pharmacologic functions; 2) anatomic specificity of particular pharmacologic activities; 3) neurotransmitter receptor interactions and pharmacodynamics. These conceptual bases are not mutually exclusive, and the demonstration of limbic versus extrapyramidal motor functional selectivity is apparent within each arbitrary theoretical base. This review discusses salient distinctions predominantly between prototypic atypical and typical antipsychotic drugs such as clozapine and haloperidol, respectively. In addition, areas of common function between atypical and typical antipsychotic drug action may also be crucial to our identification of pathophysiological foci of the different dimensions of schizophrenia, including positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and neurocognitive deficits.
Indexed as
Identifiers
8935797What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.