SynthesisBMJ (Clinical research ed.)1996
New antiepileptic drugs: a systematic review of their efficacy and tolerability.
Synthesis in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 258 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vigabatrin add-on therapy for drug-resistant focal epilepsy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Zonisamide add-on therapy for focal epilepsy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Zonisamide add-on therapy for focal epilepsy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Tiagabine add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy and tolerability of anti-epileptic drugs for refractory focal epilepsy: systematic review and network meta-analysis reveals the need for long term comparator trials.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2013Pooled it
- Tiagabine add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2012Pooled it
- The SANAD study of effectiveness of carbamazepine, gabapentin, lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, or topiramate for treatment of partial epilepsy: an unblinded randomised controlled trial.Lancet (London, England) · 2007Trial
- Interictal epileptiform discharges in Alzheimer's disease: prevalence, relevance, and controversies.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Psycho-Neuro-Endocrine-Immunological Basis of the Placebo Effect: Potential Applications beyond Pain Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Topiramate add-on therapy for drug-resistant focal epilepsy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Review
- Tiagabine add-on therapy for drug-resistant focal epilepsy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Review
- Network meta-analyses of antiepileptic drug efficacy and tolerability in drug-resistant focal epilepsies: a clinical perspective.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2014Article
- Pregabalin in the management of partial epilepsy.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2009Article
- Review
- Review
- Review of the use of Topiramate for treatment of psychiatric disorders.Annals of general psychiatry · 2005Article
- Dropout rates with olanzapine or risperidone: a multi-centre observational study.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2004Article
- When is drug treatment not necessary in epilepsy? Factors that should influence the decision to prescribe.Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · 2004Review
- Poststroke epilepsy: epidemiology, pathophysiology and management.Drugs & aging · 2004Review
- The promise of new antiepileptic drugs.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2002Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the newly developed antiepileptic drugs gabapentin, lamotrigine, tiagabine, topiramate, vigabatrin, and zonisamide in patients with refractory partial epilepsy.
designSystematic review of published and unpublished randomised controlled trials of add-on treatment with new antiepileptic drugs. SUBJECTS: 20 published and eight unpublished trials representing 3883 patients with refractory partial epilepsy.
main outcome measuresProportion of patients who (a) showed 50% or greater reduction in frequency of seizures (50% responders) and (b) withdrew from each study for any reason.
resultsOdds ratios (95% confidence intervals) relative to placebo for 50% responders were 2.29 (1.53 to 3.43) for gabapentin, 2.32 (1.47 to 3.68) for lamotrigine, 3.03 (2.01 to 4.58) for tiagabine, 4.22 (2.80 to 6.35) for topiramate, 3.68 (2.45 to 5.51) for vigabatrin, and 2.47 (1.36 to 4.47) for zonisamide. Odds ratios for withdrawal were 1.36 (0.75 to 2.49) for gabapentin, 1.19 (0.79 to 1.79) for lamotrigine, 1.81 (1.21 to 2.70) for tiagabine, 2.42 (1.43 to 4.11) for topiramate, 2.58 (1.26 to 5.27) for vigabatrin, and 5.70 (1.76 to 18.49) for zonisamide. Comparing results for each drug showed that all of the 95% confidence intervals overlapped, indicating that they were not significantly different in terms of efficacy and tolerability.
conclusionsAll six drugs were significantly better than placebo at reducing frequency of seizures. These results do not allow an evidence based choice between these drugs as we have no conclusive indication of differences in efficacy or tolerability.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.