Laminin chains in the basement membranes of human thymus.

In recent studies, the alpha 2 chain of laminin (Ln) has been suggested to be the only laminin alpha chain expressed in mouse and human thymus. We have now used chain-specific monoclonal antibodies and indirect immunofluorescence microscopy to study the expression of laminin chains in samples of foetal and 6-year-old human thymus. The subepithelial basement membrane of the capsule of foetal 16-to 18-week thymus presented a bright immunoreactivity for Ln alpha 1, alpha 3, beta 1, beta 3 and gamma 1 chains but not for alpha 2 chain, suggesting the expression of laminins-1 and-5. Most cortical and medullary epithelial cells, including Hassall's corpuscles, however, lacked laminin immunoreactivity. Immunoreactivity for Ln beta 2 chain was only seen in basal laminae of larger blood vessels. In thymic specimens from 6-year-old children, immunoreactivity for the laminin alpha 1, alpha 3, beta 1, beta 3 and gamma 1 chains was invariably found in subepithelial basement membrane of the capsule and that for laminin alpha 2 chain was now also distinct but more heterogeneous. Furthermore, the thymic subepithelial basement membrane of the capsule at all stages showed immunoreactivity for collagen type VII, forming the anchoring fibres in epithelial basement membranes. The subcapsular thymic epithelium also showed immunoreactivity for the BP 230 antigen and beta 4 integrin subunit, both components of hemidesmosomes. The present results show that the thymic subepithelial basement membrane of the capsule presents properties which are commonly seen in stratified and combined epithelia, and are compatible with suggestions of the antigenic similarity of thymic epithelial cells and keratinocytes.