Trial reportIntensive care medicine1996
Influence of pentoxifylline on cytokine levels and inflammatory parameters in septic shock.
Trial report in Intensive care medicine, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of pentoxifylline on serum levels and gene expression of inflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Intravenous magnesium sulfate: new method in prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in primary percutaneous coronary intervention.International urology and nephrology · 2015Trial
- Efficacy of pentoxifylline in prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in angioplasty patients.International urology and nephrology · 2012Trial
- The INIS Study. International Neonatal Immunotherapy Study: non-specific intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for suspected or proven neonatal sepsis: an international, placebo controlled, multicentre randomised trial.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2008Trial
- Hemolysis, hemolytic markers, and mortality in sepsis: a scoping review.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2025Review
- Anticancer and immunostimulatory role of encapsulated tumor antigen containing cobalt oxide nanoparticles.Journal of biological inorganic chemistry : JBIC : a publication of the Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry · 2013Article
- Surfactant therapy for acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome.Critical care clinics · 2011Review
- Ascending placentitis in the mare: A review.Irish veterinary journal · 2008Article
- Pharmacotherapy of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome.Current medicinal chemistry · 2008Review
- Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, and endotoxin after bone marrow transplantation: identification of children at high risk of morbidity and mortality from sepsis.Bone marrow transplantation · 2003Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the influence of pentoxifylline (PTX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, on cytokines and inflammatory proteins in patients suffering from septic shock.
designProspective study comparing a therapy group to a matched control group.
settingMedical intensive care unit at a university hospital. PATIENTS: Twenty four patients fulfilling the criteria of septic shock were included in this study. Twelve patients received PTX (therapy group) and 12 patients matched for diagnosis, age and gender served as the control group.
interventionsPentoxifylline at 1 mg/kg per hour over 24 h in the therapy group. MEASUREMENTS AND
resultsCytokine levels [tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)], soluble TNF receptor [TNF-R], and interleukin-6 [IL-6] and inflammatory proteins [C-reactive protein, alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), fibronectin, and haptoglobin], as well as hemodynamic parameters and the APACHE III score were evaluated before initiation of therapy and 24 h-later. After 24 h, TNF levels were significantly lower in the therapy group (p = 0.013), while IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the therapy group (p = 0.030). Within the 24 h TNF declined significantly in the therapy group (p = 0.006), while IL-6 showed a significant increase (p = 0.043). AAT and the APACHE III score tended to differ significantly after 24 h between the groups [AAT levels higher in the therapy group (p = 0.05), APACHE III score lower (p = 0.05)]. In the therapy group, the systemic vascular resistance index was significantly higher after 24 h (p = 0.0026) whereas the cardiac index declined (p = 0.035).
conclusionsPTX does influence TNF levels in septic shock patients. Nevertheless, inhibiting a single mediator in severe septic shock cannot stop the inflammatory overreaction.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.