Trial reportPediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)1996
Cyclophosphamide does not benefit patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. A report of the International Study of Kidney Disease in Children.
Trial report in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02235857 (Treatment of Drug-resistant Pediatric Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Using the Liposorber® LA-15 System), which is not on this map. Cited by 41 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Treatment of Drug-resistant Pediatric Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Using the Liposorber® LA-15 System
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 150 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions for idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- IPNA clinical practice recommendations for the diagnosis and management of children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2020Guideline
- Interventions for idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Interventions for idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Clinical practice guideline for pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome 2013: medical therapy.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2015Guideline
- Treatment of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children: new guidelines from KDIGO.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2013Guideline
- Immunosuppressive treatment for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2008Pooled it
- Interventions for steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome: a systematic review.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2003Pooled it
- The first randomized controlled trial in pediatric nephrology: the history of the International Study of Kidney Disease in Children (ISKDC).Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Trial
- Cyclosporin A is superior to cyclophosphamide in children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome-a randomized controlled multicentre trial by the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Pädiatrische Nephrologie.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2008Trial
- Efficacy of intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide treatment versus combination of intravenous dexamethasone and oral cyclophosphamide treatment in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2008Trial
- A prospective study on the use of mycophenolate mofetil in children with cyclosporine-dependent nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2007Trial
- Intravenous cyclophosphamide in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2003Trial
- Pulse cyclophosphamide therapy for steroid-resistant focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in children.Annals of Saudi medicineTrial
- A digest of the clinical practice guideline for pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome 2020 updated: medical therapy.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2025Review
- Efficacy and Safety of Immunosuppressive Therapy in Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Kidney medicine · 2022Article
- Current understandings in treating children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Review
- Autoimmunity in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Long-Standing Yet Elusive Association.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Review
- Dextran-Sulfate Plasma Adsorption Lipoprotein Apheresis in Drug Resistant Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Patients: Results From a Prospective, Multicenter, Single-Arm Intervention Study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2019Article
- Immunosuppressive therapy for steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome: a Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sixty children, with biopsy diagnosed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and with unremitting nephrotic syndrome despite intensive therapy with adrenocortical steroids, were randomly allocated into a clinical trial comparing prednisone, 40 mg/m2 on alternate days for a period of 12 months (control group), with the same prednisone regimen plus a 90-day course of daily cyclophosphamide, 2.5 mg/kg in a single morning dose (experimental group). One-quarter of the children in each group had complete resolution of proteinuria. The proportions of children with increased, unchanged, and decreased proteinuria by the end of the study were the same in the two groups. Treatment failure was defined as an increase in serum creatinine of 30% or more or greater than 0.4 mg/dl, or onset of renal failure. Treatment failure occurred in 36% of the control group and 57% of the experimental group (P > 0.1). Five patients died during the trial, 3 in the experimental group and 2 in the control group. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed no significant differences between the two groups. Cyclophosphamide therapy for children with steroid-resistant FSGS is not recommended.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.