ReviewClinical microbiology reviews1996
Pneumocystis carinii: what is it, exactly?
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Past Achievements, Present Gaps, and Future Priorities in Pneumocystis jirovecii Research: A Global Bibliometric Analysis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Immune responses of different hosts toEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Review
- Evolving spectrum of Pneumocystis host specificity, genetic diversity, and evolution.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Article
- Pneumocystosis in a lurcher puppy.Medical mycology case reports · 2020Article
- Site-Directed Mutagenesis of the 1,3-β-Glucan Synthase Catalytic Subunit ofAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2018Article
- A Molecular Window into the Biology and Epidemiology of Pneumocystis spp.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2018Review
- In vitro and in vivo activity of iclaprim, a diaminopyrimidine compound and potential therapeutic alternative against Pneumocystis pneumonia.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2018Article
- Functional characterization of the Pneumocystis jirovecii potential drug targets dhfs and abz2 involved in folate biosynthesis.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Article
- Therapeutic potential of caspofungin combined with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for pneumocystis pneumonia: a pilot study in mice.PloS one · 2013Article
- Review
- Absence of the macrophage mannose receptor in mice does not increase susceptibility to Pneumocystis carinii infection in vivo.Infection and immunity · 2003Article
- Mapping by sequencing the Pneumocystis genome using the ordering DNA sequences V3 tool.Genetics · 2003Article
- Diversity at the locus associated with transcription of a variable surface antigen of Pneumocystis carinii as an index of population structure and dynamics in infected rats.Infection and immunity · 2003Article
- Molecular characterization of recombinant Pneumocystis carinii topoisomerase I: differential interactions with human topoisomerase I poisons and pentamidine.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2002Article
- Antiparasitic agent atovaquone.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2002Review
- Rapid PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism method to differentiate and estimate relative abundance of Pneumocystis carinii special forms infecting rats.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2001Article
- Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis DNA in immunocompetent health care workers in contact with patients with P. carinii pneumonia.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2001Article
- Phylogeny of Pneumocystis carinii from 18 primate species confirms host specificity and suggests coevolution.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2001Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
The identity of Pneumocystis carinii has been uncertain for many years. Until recently, it was widely regarded to be a protozoan because it does not grow in culture and is not susceptible to antifungal drugs. Although these and a number of other phenotypic characteristics of P. carinii differ from those of typical fungi, analysis of DNA sequences has shown that P. carinii is a member of the fungal lineage of eukaryotes. However, a close phylogenetic relative of P. carinii has not yet been found. Analysis of gene sequences has also revealed that P. carinii is not a single entity but that the genus Pneumocystis contains a complex group of organisms. P. carinii organisms from one host species do not grow when introduced into another host species, and P. carinii isolates from different host species are more genetically divergent from one another than might be expected for members of the same species. Genetic variation of a lesser degree also occurs among P. carinii organisms from the same host species, suggesting that it may be possible to identify strains and to conduct transmission and epidemiological studies. Results of early studies exploiting genetic variation among P. carinii isolates from patients have suggested that recurrent P. carinii pneumonia may not always be caused by reactivation of latent organisms, as is commonly believed. However, other features of P. carinii suggest that this microbe has established a long-term relationship with its host. A striking new development in this regard is the discovery of a genetic system that is designed to allow variation in the structure of a major antigen on the surface of P. carinii.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.