ArticleExperimental brain research1996
Serotonergic modulation of the mudpuppy (Necturus maculatus) locomotor pattern in vitro.
Article in Experimental brain research, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- The serotonin reuptake blocker citalopram destabilizes fictive locomotor activity in salamander axial circuits through 5-HTJournal of neurophysiology · 2020Article
- Gap Junctions Contribute to the Regulation of Walking-Like Activity in the Adult Mudpuppy (Necturus Maculatus).PloS one · 2016Article
- Anatomical and electrophysiological plasticity of locomotor networks following spinal transection in the salamander.Neuroscience bulletin · 2013Review
- Opposing aminergic modulation of distinct spinal locomotor circuits and their functional coupling during amphibian metamorphosis.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2009Article
- Methodological optimization of applying neuroactive agents for the study of locomotor-like activity in the mudpuppies (Necturus maculatus).Journal of neuroscience methods · 2008Article
- Identification, localization, and modulation of neural networks for walking in the mudpuppy (Necturus maculatus) spinal cord.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 1998Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to: (1) study the role of serotonin (5-HT) in modulating the central pattern generator (CPG) underlying locomotion in the mudpuppy (Necturus maculatus); (2) investigate whether there is an intrinsic spinal serotonergic system. These aims were achieved by the use of pharmacological and immunocytochemical methods. To study modulation of the locomotor pattern and rhythm, we applied 5-HT, its uptake blocker zimelidine, and a variety of 5-HT receptor agonists and antagonists to an in vitro brainstem-spinal cord preparation isolated from the mudpuppy. The preparation consisted of the first five segments of the spinal cord and the right forelimb attached by the brachial plexus. The spinal CPG for locomotion was activated chemically by adding NMDA to the superfusing solution. During locomotion, bipolar electromyographic (EMG) recordings were made unilaterally from flexor and extensor ulnae muscles. 5-HT on its own did not induce locomotion, but it did have a profound modulatory effect on NMDA-induced locomotion. 5-HT produced a dose-dependent increase in the overall cycle duration and enhanced the EMG burst duration. Use of zimelidine indicated that there is an endogenous release of 5-HT which modulated the locomotor rhythm. The endogenous release was antagonized by 5-HT1/5-HT2 receptor antagonist methiothepin. Immunocytochemical analysis, in which the entire spinal cord of the mudpuppy was used, revealed that there were more than one type of spinal serotonergic neuron. They were differentiated according to the cell diameter, shape, and arborization pattern of their processes. These neurons were located within the central gray matter ventrolateral to the central canal. Our results suggest that 5-HT plays an important role in modulating the locomotor CPG in the mudpuppy, by acting through a well-developed spinal serotonergic system. This is in contrast to what has been reported in higher vertebrates, where serotonergic innervation is derived from supraspinal structures.
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