ArticleImmunology1996
Isotype and antibody specificity of spontaneously formed immunoglobulins in pig fetuses and germ-free piglets: production by CD5- B cells.
Article in Immunology, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gnotobiology: from 19th-century global foundations to 21st-century omics - six decades of Czech contribution to microbiome research.Folia microbiologica · 2026Review
- Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals transcriptional and cell subpopulation differences between human and pig immune cells.Genes & genomics · 2024Article
- Secretory IgA N-glycans contribute to the protection against E. coli O55 infection of germ-free piglets.Mucosal immunology · 2021Article
- Evaluation of Immunoglobulin G Absorption from Goat Colostrum by Newborn Piglets.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Article
- Colostrum of healthy mothers contains broad spectrum of secretory IgA autoantibodies.Journal of clinical immunology · 2012Article
- Fetal infections and antibody profiles in pigs naturally infected with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2).Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire · 2012Article
- Functional and morphological development of lymphoid tissues and immune regulatory and effector function in rhesus monkeys: cytokine-secreting cells, immunoglobulin-secreting cells, and CD5(+) B-1 cells appear early in fetal development.Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology · 2003Article
- Article
- Salmonellosis: lessons drawn from a germ-free pig model.Folia microbiologica · 1998Article
- Pathogenicity and protective effect of rough mutants of Salmonella species in germ-free piglets.Infection and immunity · 1997Article
- In vivo study of interferon-alpha-secreting cells in pig foetal lymphohaematopoietic organs following in utero TGEV coronavirus injection.Research in immunology · 1997Article
- Immunomodulatory effects of Bacillus firmus.Folia microbiologica · 1997Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pig fetuses, colostrum-deprived newborns and germ-free (GF) piglets, animals in which B-cell development is not influenced by maternal regulatory factors, were employed to study the occurrence and specificity of natural antibodies (NAb). Serum immunoglobulins of all isotypes were found in 44-day-old fetuses (the gestation period in pigs lasts 114 days) and their level, with predominating IgM, was increased during fetal ontogeny. In sera of fetuses at the end of embryonic life as well as of newborns and older GF piglets, antibody activity against autoantigens (thyroglobulin, hormones, ssDNA), phylogenetically conserved proteins (myosin), haptens (trinitrophenyl; TNP) and bacterial components (Escherichia coli O86, tetanic anatoxin) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The antigen-biding activity of IgM NAb increased after isolation of the serum immunoglobulins on a Staphylococcus Protein A (SPA)-Sepharose column. IgM reactivity similar to that detected in serum was found in supernatants from polyclonally stimulated cultures of spleen of 8- and 12-day-old GF piglets. Pig fetal liver IgM+ B cells, which were able to produce IgM after polyclonal stimulation, did not express the CD5 molecule. Our results indicate that pig preimmune repertoire is comparable to that described in humans and mice, although in contrast to these species pig B-1 cells do not express CD5.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.