ArticleGenetics1996
Heterozygosity, heteromorphy, and phylogenetic trees in asexual eukaryotes.
Article in Genetics, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 276 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome evolution in parthenogenetic nematodes shaped by chromosome rearrangements and introgression.Genome research · 2026Article
- Two divergent haploid nuclei shaped the landscape of population diversity in wheat stripe rust Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Repeated Independent Formation of Triploid Lineages Contributes to Clonal Diversity in Heteronotia binoei Parthenogens.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- Host range expansion of asexual parasite can be explained by loss of adaptions in Muller's Ratchet.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Forty new genomes shed light on sexual reproduction and the origin of tetraploidy in Microsporidia.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- The Tree of Sex consortium: a global initiative for studying the evolution of reproduction in eukaryotes.Journal of evolutionary biology · 2025Article
- Multiple hybridization events and repeated evolution of homoeologue expression bias in parthenogenetic, polyploid New Zealand stick insects.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- Chromosome-scale genome dynamics reveal signatures of independent haplotype evolution in the ancient asexual miteScience advances · 2025Article
- Multiple Displacement Amplification Facilitates SMRT Sequencing of Microscopic Animals and the Genome of the Gastrotrich Lepidodermella squamata (Dujardin 1841).Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Association mapping with a diverse population of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici identified avirulence loci interacting with the barley Rpg1 stem rust resistance gene.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Evolutionary history of an Alpine Archaeognath (Ecology and evolution · 2023Article
- Genetic and demographic signatures accompanying the evolution of the selfing syndrome in Daphne kiusiana, an evergreen shrub.Annals of botany · 2023Article
- Highly contiguous genomes of human clinical isolates ofMicrobial genomics · 2023Article
- Pan-Plastome of Greater Yam (International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Population Genomic Analyses Suggest a Hybrid Origin, Cryptic Sexuality, and Decay of Genes Regulating Seed Development for the Putatively Strictly AsexualInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Untangling the hedge: Genetic diversity in clonally and sexually transmitted genomes of European wild roses, Rosa L.PloS one · 2023Article
- Comparative genome anatomy reveals evolutionary insights into a unique amphitriploid fish.Nature ecology & evolution · 2022Article
- Population genetics of clonally transmissible cancers.Nature ecology & evolution · 2022Review
- The haplotype-resolved chromosome pairs of a heterozygous diploid African cassava cultivar reveal novel pan-genome and allele-specific transcriptome features.GigaScience · 2022Article
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Little attention has been paid to the consequences of long-term asexual reproduction for sequence evolution in diploid or polyploid eukaryotic organisms. Some elementary theory shows that the amount of neutral sequence divergence between two alleles of a protein-coding gene in an asexual individual will be greater than that in a sexual species by a factor of 2tu, where t is the number of generations since sexual reproduction was lost and u is the mutation rate per generation in the asexual lineage. Phylogenetic trees based on only one allele from each of two or more species will show incorrect divergence times and, more often than not, incorrect topologies. This allele sequence divergence can be stopped temporarily by mitotic gene conversion, mitotic crossing-over, or ploidy reduction. If these convergence events are rare, ancient asexual lineages can be recognized by their high allele sequence divergence. At intermediate frequencies of convergence events, it will be impossible to reconstruct the correct phylogeny of an asexual clade from the sequences of protein coding genes. Convergence may be limited by allele sequence divergence and heterozygous chromosomal rearrangements which reduce the homology needed for recombination and result in aneuploidy after crossing-over or ploidy cycles.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.