ReviewSurgery today1996
Are cytokines possible mediators of cancer cachexia?
Review in Surgery today, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insulin in combination with pioglitazone prevents advanced cachexia in 256-Walker tumor-bearing rats: effect is greater than treatment alone and is associated with improved insulin sensitivity.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2023Article
- Review
- A Prospective Observational Study on the Role of Immunohistochemical Expression of Orphanin in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Recurrence.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Review
- Understanding the molecular basis of anorexia and tissue wasting in cancer cachexia.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2022Review
- Associations of Prior Chronic Use of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and Glucocorticoids With Cachexia Incidence and Survival.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- The systemic-level repercussions of cancer-associated inflammation mediators produced in the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Appetite Regulation of TLR4-Induced Inflammatory Signaling.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
- Perspective: Creating the Evidence Base for Nutritional Support in Childhood Cancer in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Priorities for Body Composition Research.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Article
- The Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors May Increase Symptoms of Muscle Function Loss in Patients with Chronic Illnesses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Evaluation of the metabolic response to open and minimally invasive resection of the oesophagus due to oesophageal cancer.Kardiochirurgia i torakochirurgia polska = Polish journal of cardio-thoracic surgery · 2018Article
- Hypothalamic Inflammation and Energy Balance Disruptions: Spotlight on Chemokines.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2017Review
- Expression of angiogenic switch, cachexia and inflammation factors at the crossroad in undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma with BRAF(V600E).Cancer letters · 2016Article
- Early downregulation of acute phase proteins after doxorubicin exposition in patients with breast cancer.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2016Article
- Salivary and serum leptin levels in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa.Clinical oral investigations · 2016Article
- Pathophysiology of anorexia in the cancer cachexia syndrome.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2015Review
- Baicalin, a component of Scutellaria baicalensis, alleviates anorexia and inhibits skeletal muscle atrophy in experimental cancer cachexia.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2014Article
- Cancer cachexia--pathophysiology and management.Journal of gastroenterology · 2013Review
- Changes in liver gluconeogenesis during the development of Walker-256 tumour in rats.International journal of experimental pathology · 2013Article
- Ghrelin and leptin levels in cachectic patients with cancer of the digestive organs.International journal of clinical oncology · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The possible role of cytokines in the development of cancer cachexia was reviewed from the literature. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, interferon (IFN)-gamma and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) can elicit many but not all host changes seen in cancer cachexia, including loss of appetite, loss of body weight, and the induction of acute-phase protein synthesis. However, these cytokines are not always demonstrated in the circulation of the cancer patients. The inability to detect circulating cytokines may be due to their low rate of production, their short half-life and rapid clearance from plasma, or their mode of action (autocrine or paracrine). Different cytokines are induced to stimulate the same response. This is very different from hormonal regulation, where a hormone acts on a cell directly through a specific receptor without depending on other mediators. Specific antibodies including anti-IFN-gamma, anti-TNF and anti-IL-6 antibodies, as well as the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin, have been used to reverse cancer cachexia. Overlapping physiologic activities make it unlikely that a single substance is the sole cause of cancer cachexia. It is hoped that further investigation on other cytokines and their possible relationships with hormones will help to clarify the mechanisms of cancer cachexia in the near future.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.