ReviewDrugs & aging1996
The benefits of stopping smoking and the role of nicotine replacement therapy in older patients.
Review in Drugs & aging, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Smoking cessation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2003Pooled it
- Extended treatment of older cigarette smokers.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2009Trial
- Older versus younger treatment-seeking smokers: differences in smoking behavior, drug and alcohol use, and psychosocial and physical functioning.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2008Trial
- Long COVID - a critical disruption of cholinergic neurotransmission?Bioelectronic medicine · 2025Review
- Biological determinants impact the neurovascular toxicity of nicotine and tobacco smoke: A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics perspective.Neurotoxicology · 2022Review
- Nicotine pharmacokinetics in rats is altered as a function of age, impacting the interpretation of animal model data.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2014Article
- Nicotine related brain activity: the influence of smoking history and blood nicotine levels, an exploratory study.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2013Article
- Nicotine chemistry, metabolism, kinetics and biomarkers.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2009Review
- Effectiveness of a mobile smoking cessation service in reaching elderly smokers and predictors of quitting.BMC geriatrics · 2008Article
- Smoking, health and ageing.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2008Article
- The effect of involuntary job loss on smoking intensity and relapse.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2005Article
- Health events and the smoking cessation of middle aged Americans.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2005Article
- Genetically decreased CYP2A6 and the risk of tobacco dependence: a prospective study of novice smokers.Tobacco control · 2004Article
- Benefits and risks of pharmacological smoking cessation therapies in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Drug safety · 2003Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Considerable benefits accrue from stopping smoking in older patients. Reversal of the short term cardiovascular adverse effects of smoking is rapid. Long term risk reduction appears to occur as a result of decreased life-time exposure to tobacco smoke. The pharmacology of nicotine has not been studied in older patients but is unlikely to change in clinically important ways with advancing age. Nicotine replacement doubles long term success rates, compared with placebo, among younger smokers of > or = cigarettes per day. There is no reason to believe its efficacy should be less among older smokers. Transdermal nicotine is the replacement therapy of choice in older patients because of once-daily administration and good tolerability. Approximately half of the users of transdermal nicotine smoke concurrently with treatment. It is unlikely that concurrent smoking or high doses of nicotine replacement therapy will adversely effect healthy patients. While it is generally believed that patients with unstable coronary heart disease may be at risk from concurrent smoking during nicotine replacement therapy, it is unclear whether this risk is greater than the risk of smoking alone. Nicotine replacement therapy is a logical approach for motivated, older smokers who are unable to stop smoking by simpler means. Results can be augmented by including other interventions, such as counselling and follow-up support.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.