ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1996
Fibroblast growth factor 2 can replace ectodermal signaling for feather development.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Novel tissue mechanics-guided cellular flows drive the formation of feather follicles.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Epigenetic effects of parasites and pesticides on captive and wild nestling birds.Ecology and evolution · 2021Article
- Characterization of Embryonic Skin Transcriptome inG3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Article
- Article
- Neural crest and the origin of species-specific pattern.Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) · 2018Review
- Article
- The dermal papilla: an instructive niche for epithelial stem and progenitor cells in development and regeneration of the hair follicle.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2014Review
- Sprouty/FGF signaling regulates the proximal-distal feather morphology and the size of dermal papillae.Developmental biology · 2012Article
- Genome-wide SNP scan of pooled DNA reveals nonsense mutation in FGF20 in the scaleless line of featherless chickens.BMC genomics · 2012Article
- Cryptic patterning of avian skin confers a developmental facility for loss of neck feathering.PLoS biology · 2011Article
- Spots and stripes: pleomorphic patterning of stem cells via p-ERK-dependent cell chemotaxis shown by feather morphogenesis and mathematical simulation.Developmental biology · 2009Article
- BMP2 and BMP7 play antagonistic roles in feather induction.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2008Article
- Molecular signaling in feather morphogenesis.Current opinion in cell biology · 2006Review
- Quail-duck chimeras reveal spatiotemporal plasticity in molecular and histogenic programs of cranial feather development.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2005Article
- Integument pattern formation involves genetic and epigenetic controls: feather arrays simulated by digital hormone models.The International journal of developmental biology · 2004Review
- Evo-Devo of amniote integuments and appendages.The International journal of developmental biology · 2004Review
- Adaptation to the sky: Defining the feather with integument fossils from mesozoic China and experimental evidence from molecular laboratories.Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution · 2003Review
- Molecular biology of feather morphogenesis: a testable model for evo-devo research.Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution · 2003Article
- Hox in hair growth and development.Die Naturwissenschaften · 2003Review
- Evo-devo of feathers and scales: building complex epithelial appendages.Current opinion in genetics & development · 2000Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The initiation and morphogenesis of cutaneous appendages depend on a series of reciprocal signaling events between the epithelium and mesenchyme of the embryonic skin. In the development of feather germs, early dermal signals induce the formation of epidermal placodes that in turn signal the mesoderm to form dermal condensations immediately beneath them. We find a spatially and temporally restricted pattern of transcription for the genes that encode fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 2 and FGF receptor (FGFR) 1 in developing feather germs of the chicken embryo. FGF-2 expression is restricted to the epidermal placodes, whereas FGFR-1 expression is limited to the dermal condensations. Transcription of these genes could not be detected in skins of scaleless (sc/sc) embryos that fail to develop feathers as a result of an ectodermal defect. Treatment of sc/sc skins with FGF-2 results in the formation of feathers at the site of application of the growth factor and the induced feathers express FGFR-1 in their dermal condensations. Thus, we have established FGF-2 as an epidermal signal in early feather germ formation. The observation that FGF-2 can rescue the mutant phenotype of sc/sc embryos suggests that FGF-2 either is, or is downstream from, the signal that the sc/sc mutant ectoderm fails to generate.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.