ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation1996
Insulin sensitivity index, acute insulin response, and glucose effectiveness in a population-based sample of 380 young healthy Caucasians. Analysis of the impact of gender, body fat, physical fitness, and life-style factors.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 261 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta- and cross-species analyses of insulin resistance based on gene expression datasets in human white adipose tissues.Scientific reports · 2018Pooled it
- Sex-specific differences in diabetes prevention: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetologia · 2015 · on this mapPooled it
- What is the relationship between exercise and metabolic abnormalities? A review of the metabolic syndrome.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2004Pooled it
- Acute metabolic effects of cannabinoid receptor modulators during sequential hyperglycemic, euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps in healthy individuals.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Trial
- Rosiglitazone improves insulin resistance but does not improve exercise capacity in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance: A randomized clinical study.Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research · 2024Trial
- Pioglitazone improves whole-body aerobic capacity and skeletal muscle energy metabolism in patients with metabolic syndrome.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Biomarkers of Insulin Resistance and Their Performance as Predictors of Treatment Response in Overweight Adults.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Sex differences in skeletal muscle metabolism in exercise and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- A small molecule esculetin accelerates postprandial lipid clearance involving activation of C/EBPβ and CD36-mediated phagocytosis by adipose tissue macrophages.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics and degree of cardiovascular risk factor control in patients with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes in Catalonia.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Exploring the influencing factors of non-insulin drug prescriptions in discharged patients with type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Hormonal regulation of metabolism-recent lessons learned from insulin and estrogen.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2023Review
- Thioredoxin interacting protein protects mice from fasting induced liver steatosis by activating ER stress and its downstream signaling pathways.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Association between sleep quality and type 2 diabetes at 20-year follow-up in the Southall and Brent REvisited (SABRE) cohort: a triethnic analysis.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2021Article
- Young, healthy males and females present cardiometabolic protection against the detrimental effects of a 7-day high-fat high-calorie diet.European journal of nutrition · 2021Article
- Sex Differences in Insulin Sensitivity are Related to Muscle Tissue Acylcarnitine But Not Subcellular Lipid Distribution.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2021Article
- DNA Methylation Patterning and the Regulation of Beta Cell Homeostasis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
- Sexual dimorphism in cardiometabolic health: the role of adipose tissue, muscle and liver.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2021Review
- Different physiological mechanisms underlie an adverse cardiovascular disease risk profile in men and women.The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society · 2020Review
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInsulin sensitivity and insulin secretion are traits that are both genetically and environmentally determined.
aimThe aim of this study was to describe the distribution of the insulin sensitivity index (Si), the acute insulin response, and glucose effectiveness (Sg) in young healthy Caucasians and to estimate the relative impact of anthropometric and environmental determinants on these variables.
methodsThe material included 380 unrelated Caucasian subjects (18-32 yr) with measurement of Si, Sg and insulin secretion during a combined intravenous glucose (0.3 grams/kg body weight) and tolbutamide (3 mg/kg body weight) tolerance test.
resultsThe distributions of Si and acute insulin response were skewed to the right, whereas the distribution of Sg was Gaussian distributed. Sg was 15% higher in women compared with men (P < 0.001). Waist circumference, body mass index, maximal aerobic capacity, and women's use of oral contraceptives were the most important determinants of Si. Approximately one-third of the variation of Si could be explained by these factors. Compared with individuals in the upper four-fifths of the distribution of Si, subjects with Si in the lowest fifth had higher waist circumference, higher blood pressure, lower VO2max, and lower glucose tolerance and fasting dyslipidemia and dysfibrinolysis. Only 10% of the variation in acute insulin response could be explained by measured determinants.
conclusionEstimates of body fat, maximal aerobic capacity, and women's use of oral contraceptives explain about one-third of the variation in Si in a population-based sample of young healthy Caucasians.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.