ArticleFolia microbiologica1995
Polyclonal immunoglobulin response of thymic, hepatic and splenic lymphocytes from fetal, germ-free and conventionally reared pigs to different B-cell activators.
Article in Folia microbiologica, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of controlled antigenic stimulation on lymphocyte subsets in pigs and pig fetuses.Folia microbiologica · 1998Article
- Isotype and antibody specificity of spontaneously formed immunoglobulins in pig fetuses and germ-free piglets: production by CD5- B cells.Immunology · 1996Article
- Thymic B cells of pig fetuses and germ-free pigs spontaneously produce IgM, IgG and IgA: detection by ELISPOT method.Immunology · 1996Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (Ig) response to different polyclonal B-cell activators was measured by ELISA in cell culture media of thymocytes, splenocytes and liver cells isolated from pig fetuses, 8-d-old germ-free piglets and conventionally reared pigs. Both in fetal and in postnatal life polyclonally stimulated lymphocytes were found to produce predominantly the IgM isotype; the first IgM formation was detected in 50-d-old fetal liver (gestation in pigs lasts 114 d). Surprisingly, 73-d-old fetal thymic cells were shown to be induced to Ig synthesis and secretion. In contrast to splenocytes of the same age, which secreted exclusively IgM, fetal thymocytes produced IgM, IgG and IgA. Polyclonally stimulated splenic cells as compared with thymic cells started to produce IgA later in fetal ontogeny, whereas the IgG response was not detectable in splenic cell culture media during the whole embryonal development and appeared only after birth. The earliest and the highest Ig stimulation was found after cultivation of lymphocytes with Nocardia delipidated cell mitogen. Interestingly, the moderate stimulatory effect of 65-kDa heat shock protein (Hsp-65) in polyclonal IgM response of fetal splenocytes was observed. We showed that thymic B lymphocytes represent probably the first maturing B cell population detectable in fetal life, which is able to differentiate after polyclonal stimulation into IgM as well as IgA and IgG producing cells.
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