ArticleInfection and immunity1996
Roles for tumor necrosis factor alpha and nitric oxide in resistance of rat alveolar macrophages to Legionella pneumophila.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epigenetic silencing of the human NOS2 gene: rethinking the role of nitric oxide in human macrophage inflammatory responses.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Trial
- TNF licenses macrophages to undergo rapid caspase-1, -11, and -8-mediated cell death that restricts Legionella pneumophila infection.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- TNF-α response in macrophages depends on clinicalVirulence · 2022Article
- Increased susceptibility to pneumonia due to tumour necrosis factor inhibition and prospective immune system rescueFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors Exacerbate Whipple's Disease by Reprogramming Macrophage and Inducing Apoptosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Viewing Legionella pneumophila Pathogenesis through an Immunological Lens.Journal of molecular biology · 2019Review
- Neutrophil and Alveolar Macrophage-Mediated Innate Immune Control of Legionella pneumophila Lung Infection via TNF and ROS.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
- Legionella dumoffii utilizes exogenous choline for phosphatidylcholine synthesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2014Article
- Legionella pneumophila type II secretion dampens the cytokine response of infected macrophages and epithelia.Infection and immunity · 2011Article
- NOD1 and NOD2 regulation of pulmonary innate immunity to Legionella pneumophila.European journal of immunology · 2010Article
- A novel pathway for inducible nitric-oxide synthase activation through inflammasomes.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2010Article
- Legionella pneumophila EnhC is required for efficient replication in tumour necrosis factor alpha-stimulated macrophages.Cellular microbiology · 2008Article
- Toll-like receptor 2 is required for control of pulmonary infection with Francisella tularensis.Infection and immunity · 2006Article
- Maturation of the Legionella pneumophila-containing phagosome into a phagolysosome within gamma interferon-activated macrophages.Infection and immunity · 2005Article
- Differential induction of gamma interferon in Legionella pneumophila-infected macrophages from BALB/c and A/J mice.Infection and immunity · 2001Article
- Defective localization of the NADPH phagocyte oxidase to Salmonella-containing phagosomes in tumor necrosis factor p55 receptor-deficient macrophages.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2001Article
- Induction of interleukin-4 (IL-4) by legionella pneumophila infection in BALB/c mice and regulation of tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-6, and IL-1beta.Infection and immunity · 2000Article
- Differential expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase gene by alveolar and peritoneal macrophages in lipopolysaccharide-hyporesponsive C3H/HeJ mice.Immunology · 1999Article
- Comparative analysis of Legionella pneumophila and Legionella micdadei virulence traits.Infection and immunity · 1999Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Legionella pneumophila is an intracellular parasite of alveolar macrophages, and recovery from legionellosis is associated with activation of alveolar macrophages to resist intracellular bacterial replication. Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) is known to activate alveolar macrophages to suppress L. pneumophila, but the role of macrophage-derived cytokines in modulating alveolar macrophage resistance is unknown. To test the hypothesis that macrophage-derived mediators contribute to the resistance of alveolar macrophages to L. pneumophila, we incubated adherent rat alveolar macrophages with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS), recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), recombinant IFN-gamma, neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha, and/or N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) for 6 h before challenge with L. pneumophila. Monolayers were sonically disrupted and quantitatively cultured on successive days. We also measured bioactive TNF-alpha release by infected macrophages in the presence or absence of IFN-gamma. We found that pretreatment of alveolar macrophages with LPS or, to a lesser degree, TNF-alpha, significantly inhibited intracellular replication of L. pneumophila. Both LPS and TNF-alpha acted synergistically with IFN-gamma at less than the maximally activating concentration to suppress L. pneumophila growth. The independent and coactivating effects of LPS were blocked by anti-TNF-alpha. Killing of L. pneumophila by IFN-gamma at the maximally activating concentration was inhibited by anti-TNF-alpha. The synergistic effects of TNF-alpha. or LPS in combination with IFN-gamma were inhibited by L-NMMA. Infected alveolar macrophages secreted TNF-alpha in proportion to the bacterial inoculum, and secretion of TNF-alpha was potentiated by cocultivation with IFN-gamma. These data indicate that secretion of TNF-alpha is an important autocrine defense mechanism of alveolar macrophages, serving to potentiate the activating effects of IFN-gamma through costimulation of nitric oxide synthesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.