ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1996
Expression of cyclin D1 in epithelial tissues of transgenic mice results in epidermal hyperproliferation and severe thymic hyperplasia.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 176 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cyclin A is a prognostic indicator in early stage breast cancer with and without tamoxifen treatment.British journal of cancer · 2002Trial
- From Development to Aging: Dynamic Roles of the Thymic Medulla in T Cell Biology.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Enhancing thymic function improves T-cell reconstitution and immune responses in aged mice.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- Insulin-like growth factor 2 as a driving force for exponential expansion and differentiation of the neonatal thymus.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2025Article
- The Ins and Outs of Thymic Epithelial Cell Differentiation and Function.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Article
- Disorganization of secondary lymphoid organs and dyscoordination of chemokine secretion as key contributors to immune aging.Seminars in immunology · 2023Review
- Aberrant Cyclin D1 splicing in cancer: from molecular mechanism to therapeutic modulation.Cell death & disease · 2023Review
- Large-Scale Isolation of Mouse Thymic Epithelial Cells.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 expression alters the number of keratinocyte stem cells in the mouse hair follicle.Cell biology international · 2022Article
- Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation in thymic epithelial cells.Immunological reviews · 2022Review
- Abrogation of Notch Signaling in Embryonic TECs Impacts Postnatal mTEC Homeostasis and Thymic Involution.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Peptides for T cell selection in the thymus.Peptides · 2021Review
- Article
- Thymoproteasome optimizes positive selection of CD8Advances in immunology · 2021Review
- Synergistic Activity of the HSP90 Inhibitor Ganetespib With Lapatinib Reverses Acquired Lapatinib Resistance in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Cells.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- The Early Postnatal Life: A Dynamic Period in Thymic Epithelial Cell Differentiation.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Postnatal Involution and Counter-Involution of the Thymus.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Myc controls a distinct transcriptional program in fetal thymic epithelial cells that determines thymus growth.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Trans-omics Impact of Thymoproteasome in Cortical Thymic Epithelial Cells.Cell reports · 2019Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To study the involvement of cyclin D1 in epithelial growth and differentiation and its putative role as an oncogene in skin, transgenic mice were developed carrying the human cyclin D1 gene driven by a bovine keratin 5 promoter. As expected, all squamous epithelia including skin, oral mucosa, trachea, vaginal epithelium, and the epithelial compartment of the thymus expressed aberrant levels of cyclin D1. The rate of epidermal proliferation increased dramatically in transgenic mice, which also showed basal cell hyperplasia. However, epidermal differentiation was unaffected, as shown by normal growth arrest of newborn primary keratinocytes in response to high extracellular calcium. Moreover, an unexpected phenotype was observed in the thymus. Transgenic mice developed a severe thymic hyperplasia that caused premature death due to cardio-respiratory failure within 4 months of age. By 14 weeks, the thymi of transgenic mice increased in weight up to 40-fold, representing 10% of total body weight. The hyperplastic thymi had normal histology revealing a well-differentiated cortex and medulla, which supported an apparently normal T-cell developmental program based on the distribution of thymocyte subsets. These results suggest that proliferation and differentiation of epithelial cells are under independent genetic controls in these organs and that cyclin D1 can modulate epithelial proliferation without altering the initiation of differentiation programs. No spontaneous development of epithelial tumors or thymic lymphomas was perceived in transgenic mice during their first 8 months of life, although they continue under observation. This model provides in vivo evidence of the action of cyclin D1 as a pure mediator of proliferation in epithelial cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.