Evidence map›Paper›PMID 8752063›Full record

ArticleCMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne1996

Bioethics for clinicians: 2. Disclosure.

E Etchells, G Sharpe, M M Burgess, P A Singer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. 2021 American Thyroid Association Guidelines for Management of Patients with Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2021
    Guideline
  2. Porcine-derived materials in urology Practical ethical guidance for caring for Muslim and Jewish patients.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. The need to know--therapeutic privilege: a way forward.Health care analysis : HCA : journal of health philosophy and policy · 2013
    Article
  6. Women's perceptions of their involvement in treatment decision making for early stage breast cancer.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2013
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Ethical considerations in sharing personal information on computer data sets.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 1999
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Bioethics for clinicians: 14. Ethics and genetics in medicine.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 1998
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Ethical problems with bioidentical hormone therapy.International journal of impotence research
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

E EtchellsUniversity of Toronto Joint Centre for Bioethics, Toronto, Ont. eetchells@torhosp.toronto.on.ca
G Sharpe
M M Burgess
P A Singer

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In the context of patient consent, "disclosure" refers to the provision of relevant information by the clinician and its comprehension by the patient. Both elements are necessary for valid consent. Disclosure should inform the patient adequately about the treatment and its expected effects, relevant alternative options and their benefits and risks, and the consequences of declining or delaying treatment. The clinician's goal is to disclose information that a reasonable person in the patient's position would need in order to make an informed decision. Therefore, clinicians may need to consider how the proposed treatment (and other options) might affect the patient's employment, finances, family life and other personal concerns. Clinicians may also need to be sensitive to cultural and religious beliefs that can affect disclosure.

Indexed as

DisclosureEthics, MedicalTruth DisclosureAdultAgedAged, 80 and overEmpirical ResearchFemaleHealth StatusHumansMaleMiddle AgedPhysician-Patient RelationsProfessional Patient Relationship

Identifiers

PMID8752063
PMCPMC1488047

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.