ArticleThe Journal of comparative neurology1996
Eicosanoids and nitric oxide influence induction of reactive gliosis from spreading depression in microglia but not astrocytes.
Article in The Journal of comparative neurology, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spreading depolarization as a therapeutic target in migraine.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2025Review
- The mysterious link between migraine aura and migraine headache.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- Protein disulfide isomerase-mediated S-nitrosylation facilitates surface expression of P2X7 receptor following status epilepticus.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021Article
- Microglia alter the threshold of spreading depolarization and related potassium uptake in the mouse brain.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2020Article
- Non-invasively triggered spreading depolarizations induce a rapid pro-inflammatory response in cerebral cortex.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2020Article
- Intranasally administered IGF-1 inhibits spreading depression in vivo.Brain research · 2017Article
- Minocycline attenuates interferon-α-induced impairments in rat fear extinction.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2016Article
- Spreading depression transiently disrupts myelin via interferon-gamma signaling.Experimental neurology · 2015Article
- Insulin-like growth factor-1 abrogates microglial oxidative stress and TNF-α responses to spreading depression.Journal of neurochemistry · 2013Article
- Pregnant serum induces neuroinflammation and seizure activity via TNFα.Experimental neurology · 2012Article
- Gliosis in the mouse hippocampus without neuronal death after systemic administration of high dosage of tetanus toxin.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2012Article
- Inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase activity in mice during cuprizone-induced demyelination attenuates neuroinflammation, motor dysfunction and axonal damage.Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids · 2011Article
- Modeling neural immune signaling of episodic and chronic migraine using spreading depression in vitro.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2011Article
- Spreading depression sends microglia on Lévy flights.PloS one · 2011Article
- Strategies for study of neuroprotection from cold-preconditioning.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2010Article
- TNF-α and Microglial Hormetic Involvement in Neurological Health & Migraine.Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis Society · 2010Article
- Mechanisms involved in the cerebrovascular dilator effects of cortical spreading depression.Progress in neurobiology · 2008Review
- Chemical and mechanical nerve root insults induce differential behavioral sensitivity and glial activation that are enhanced in combination.Brain research · 2007Article
- Optical current source density analysis in hippocampal organotypic culture shows that spreading depression occurs with uniquely reversing currents.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2005Article
- Multiplexed cytokine protein expression profiles from spreading depression in hippocampal organotypic cultures.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2004Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Microglia and astrocytes are transformed into reactive glia (RG) by brain disease and normal function. Eicosanoids and nitric oxide (NO), two intercellular mediators, may influence gliosis. We investigated how drugs that alter production of these paracrine signals effect induction of glial reactivity from spreading depression. Unilateral (left) neocortical spreading depression was induced in 95 halothane anesthetized rats by intracortical injections of 0.5 M KCl, with or without drug treatment (five animals/group). Immunohistochemical staining (IS) intensity using the OX-42 and anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) antibodies determined reactivity in microglia and astrocytes, respectively. After 3 days, brains were processed for OX-42 and GFAP-IS and mean optical densities (OD) of IS were measured. Average OD's (for OX-42) and the log ratio (left/right) of OD's (OX-42 and GFAP) were compared to normal animals. Spreading depression induced significant log ratios for both OX-42- and GFAP-IS (P's < 0.01). However, dexamethasone (a glucocorticoid), nordihydroguaiaretic acid (a lipoxygenase inhibitor), and nitroprusside (a NO donor) prevented significant left sided and log ratio OD values for microglia (P's > 0.05). L-Name, a NO synthase inhibitor, caused significant increases in left and right OD's for microglia (P's < 0.05). Mepacrine, a phospholipase A2 inhibitor, Indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and phenylephrine, an adrenergic agonist, did not prevent induction of significant OX-42 log ratios (P's < 0.01, 0.05, 0.01), and resulted in increases in left side OD's (P's < 0.01, 0.05, 0.05). Significant GFAP log ratios occurred after spreading depression in all drug groups, P's < 0.01. Thus, induction of reactivity in microglia is more sensitive to eicosanoids and NO than in astrocytes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
8723705PMC2807127W2042198814What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.