ArticleJournal of virology1996
Characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif particle incorporation.
Article in Journal of virology, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Conserved Interaction of Lentiviral Vif Molecules with HIV-1 Gag and Differential Effects of Species-Specific Vif on Virus Production.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Suppression of APOBEC3-mediated restriction of HIV-1 by Vif.Frontiers in microbiology · 2014Review
- Characterization of RNA binding and chaperoning activities of HIV-1 Vif protein. Importance of the C-terminal unstructured tail.RNA biology · 2014Article
- HIV-1 viral infectivity factor (Vif) alters processive single-stranded DNA scanning of the retroviral restriction factor APOBEC3G.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2013Article
- HIV-1 Vif: a guardian of the virus that opens up a new era in the research field of restriction factors.Frontiers in microbiology · 2013Article
- Multifaceted counter-APOBEC3G mechanisms employed by HIV-1 Vif.Journal of molecular biology · 2011Article
- HIV-1 Vif versus the APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases: an intracellular duel between pathogen and host restriction factors.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2010Review
- Productive replication of Vif-chimeric HIV-1 in feline cells.Journal of virology · 2010Article
- Transfection of nerve cells.Neuroscience and behavioral physiology · 2010Article
- Molecular structure and biochemical properties of the HCCH-Zn2+ site in HIV-1 Vif.Biochemistry · 2009Article
- Tumultuous relationship between the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral infectivity factor (Vif) and the human APOBEC-3G and APOBEC-3F restriction factors.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2009Review
- NF-IL6 (C/EBPbeta) induces HIV-1 replication by inhibiting cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2008Article
- Advances in the structural understanding of Vif proteins.Current HIV research · 2008Review
- Isolation and characterization of human cells resistant to retrovirus infection.Retrovirology · 2007Article
- Influence of primate lentiviral Vif and proteasome inhibitors on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virion packaging of APOBEC3G.Journal of virology · 2004Article
- Comprehensive investigation of the molecular defect in vif-deficient human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virions.Journal of virology · 2003Article
- Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif is efficiently packaged into virions during productive but not chronic infection.Journal of virology · 2003Article
- Intravirion processing of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif protein by the viral protease may be correlated with Vif function.Journal of virology · 2002Article
- Nuclear export of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr is not required for virion packaging.Journal of virology · 2001Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vif protein is necessary at the time of viral particle formation yet functionally manifests its effect after virions enter target cells. This suggests that Vif either acts on another viral protein or is itself incorporated into particles. In this study, we have examined the latter possibility. We confirm our previous observation that Vif is incorporated into human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virions at a ratio of approximately 1 molecule of Vif for every 75 to 220 molecules of p24, or 7 to 20 molecules per virion. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the relative concentration of Vif is much lower in particles than in infected cells, whereas the opposite is observed for the main virus components. The viral envelope, Nef, Vpr, Vpu, protease, reverse transcriptase, integrase, nucleocapsid, and p6gag proteins as well as the viral genomic RNA are dispensable for Vif packaging. Furthermore, mutating several highly conserved residues (H-108, C-114, C-133, L-145, and Q-146) or deleting the C-terminal 18 amino acids of Vif, either of which severely impairs Vif function, does not abolish its incorporation into virions. Finally, Vif can be packaged into murine leukemia virus particles. On the basis of these data, we conclude that the specificity of Vif incorporation into virions remains an open question.
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