ArticleAmerican journal of public health1996
The risk of prematurity and small-for-gestational-age birth in Mexico City: the effects of working conditions and antenatal leave.
Article in American journal of public health, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The effects of prenatal psychosocial work stress on adverse pregnancy outcomes: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2025Pooled it
- Shift work, long working hours and preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2014Pooled it
- Physically demanding work and preterm delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2014Pooled it
- Work activities and risk of prematurity, low birth weight and pre-eclampsia: an updated review with meta-analysis.Occupational and environmental medicine · 2013Pooled it
- Risk of prematurity, low birthweight and pre-eclampsia in relation to working hours and physical activities: a systematic review.Occupational and environmental medicine · 2007Pooled it
- Development and First Phase Evaluation of a Maternity Leave Educational Tool for Pregnant, Working Women in California.PloS one · 2015Trial
- Multiple maternal occupational exposures during pregnancy and newborn size at birth: analysis of the ELFE cohort, a French longitudinal study of children.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2026Article
- Impact of maternal posture on fetal physiology in human pregnancy: a narrative review.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Review
- Impact of sex, race, and social determinants of health on neonatal outcomes.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Review
- First trimester employment, working conditions and preterm birth: a prospective population-based cohort study.Occupational and environmental medicine · 2021Article
- Prenatal stress and child development: A scoping review of research in low- and middle-income countries.PloS one · 2018Article
- Role of maternal occupational physical activity and psychosocial stressors on adverse birth outcomes.Occupational and environmental medicine · 2017Article
- Longitudinal Assessment of Effort-Reward Imbalance and Job Strain Across Pregnancy: A Preliminary Study.Maternal and child health journal · 2016Article
- Population Health and Paid Parental Leave: What the United States Can Learn from Two Decades of Research.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Review
- Construction of early and midlife work trajectories in women and their association with birth weight.American journal of public health · 2014Article
- Bad Jobs, Bad Health? How Work and Working Conditions Contribute to Health Disparities.The American behavioral scientist · 2013Article
- The use of psychosocial stress scales in preterm birth research.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2011Review
- Clinical benefits, costs, and cost-effectiveness of neonatal intensive care in Mexico.PLoS medicine · 2010Article
- Racial and ethnic disparities in low birth weight delivery associated with maternal occupational characteristics.American journal of industrial medicine · 2010Article
- First-trimester working conditions and birthweight: a prospective cohort study.American journal of public health · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study examined the effect of working conditions, occupational stress, and antenatal leave on risk of small-for-gestational age and premature births in Mexico City.
methodsOver a 3-month period, 2663 (96.2%) of 2767 women who gave birth at three major hospitals and worked at least 3 months during pregnancy were interviewed shortly after delivery. After the exclusion of multiple gestations and birth defects, 261 (10.0%) small-for-gestational-age and 288 (11.0%) preterm births were identified.
resultsFor small-for-gestational-age births, working more than 50 hours a week (odds ratio [OR] = 1.59), standing more than 7 hours a day (OR = 1.40), and no antenatal leave (OR = 1.55) were associated with an increased risk. Women with no antenatal leave were also much more likely to give birth prematurely (OR = 3.04).
conclusionsIn this study, arduous working conditions and lack of antenatal leave benefits were found to increase the risk of poor birth outcome in Mexican women. Enforcement of existing antenatal leave laws and provision of comparable benefits for the uninsured may reduce the incidence of small-for-gestational-age births and prematurity.
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