ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology1995
Haemophilus influenzae: then and now.
Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Amino acid substitutions in PBP3 in Haemophilus influenzae strains, their phenotypic detection and impact on resistance to β-lactams.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Changes in the Incidence of Invasive Bacterial Disease During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States, 2014-2020.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
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- An invasive Haemophilus influenzae serotype b infection in an Anglo-Saxon plague victim.Genome biology · 2022Article
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- Isolation and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing ofThe Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2019Article
- Characterisation of invasive clinical Haemophilus influenzae isolates in Queensland, Australia using whole-genome sequencing.Epidemiology and infection · 2017Article
- Multilocus sequence typing and ftsI sequencing: a powerful tool for surveillance of penicillin-binding protein 3-mediated beta-lactam resistance in nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae.BMC microbiology · 2014Article
- Beta- lactam antibiotics stimulate biofilm formation in non-typeable haemophilus influenzae by up-regulating carbohydrate metabolism.PloS one · 2014Article
- Molecular typing methods for outbreak detection and surveillance of invasive disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae, a review.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2011Review
- Antibiotic susceptibility of invasive Haemophilus influenzae strains in Canada.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2008Article
- Emergence of nonencapsulated and encapsulated non-b-type invasive Haemophilus influenzae isolates in Portugal (1989-2001).Journal of clinical microbiology · 2004Article
- Diversity of beta-lactam resistance-conferring amino acid substitutions in penicillin-binding protein 3 of Haemophilus influenzae.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2002Article
- Prevalence of Haemophilus influenzae pharyngeal carriers in the school population of Catalonia. Working Group on invasive disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae.European journal of epidemiology · 2000Article
- Natural Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide antibodies in 412 infants and children from West Africa (Burkina-Faso) and France: a cross-sectional serosurvey.European journal of epidemiology · 1999Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Haemophilus influenzae has long been recognised as a major cause of serious infection and mortality in children less than 5 years old. Prior to the introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) immunisation, the incidence of a child suffering an invasive Haemophilus infection was 20-50/100,000 in industrialised countries and up to ten times higher in developing regions. The introduction of a Hib vaccine programme results in a rapid and dramatic decline in the incidence of Hib infection in the susceptible childhood population. For example, within two years of the introduction of routine Hib vaccination of infants in the UK, the risk of serious Hib infection had fallen from 1:600 to 1:30,000 by 5 years of age. Many other European countries have introduced, or are in the process of introducing, a routine Hib immunisation programme. Because the epidemiology of Haemophilus influenzae infection is changing so dramatically, it is opportune to review Haemophilus influenzae as it was perceived in the pre-vaccine era (the past) and during vaccine implementation (the present), and how its role may change in the post-vaccination era (the future). This review will summarise the historical landmarks that have led to our present-day understanding of Haemophilus influenzae pathogenicity, the concerns about antibiotic resistance, the features of the host immune response to Haemophilus influenzae, and the introduction of the Hib vaccine. Furthermore, the possible importance of this organism in the future will be discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.