ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine1996
Hyaluronan fragments activate an NF-kappa B/I-kappa B alpha autoregulatory loop in murine macrophages.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 326 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- The Extracellular Matrix and the Immune System in Acute Lung Injury: Partners in Damage and Repair.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Activated cardiac fibroblasts are a primary source of high-molecular-weight hyaluronan production.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2025Article
- Strain and hyaluronic acid interact to regulate ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration, and drug resistance.Mechanobiology in medicine · 2024Article
- Pressure sensing of lysosomes enables control of TFEB responses in macrophages.Nature cell biology · 2024Article
- Prostaglandin EBiology · 2023Article
- Crosstalk between CD4 T cells and synovial fibroblasts from human arthritic joints promotes hyaluronan-dependent leukocyte adhesion and inflammatory cytokine expression in vitro.Matrix biology plus · 2022Article
- Lung Hyaluronasome: Involvement of Low Molecular Weight Ha (Lmw-Ha) in Innate Immunity.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- The effects of the molecular weights of hyaluronic acid on the immune responses.Biomaterials research · 2021Article
- Hyaluronan and Its Receptors: Key Mediators of Immune Cell Entry and Trafficking in the Lymphatic System.Cells · 2021Review
- Monocytes, Macrophages, and Their Potential Niches in Synovial Joints - Therapeutic Targets in Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis?Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Glycocalyx Impairment in Vascular Disease: Focus on Inflammation.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Amphiregulin contributes to airway remodeling in chronic allograft dysfunction after lung transplantation.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2020Article
- Hyaluronan Degradation by Cemip Regulates Host Defense against Staphylococcus aureus Skin Infection.Cell reports · 2020Article
- Immunomodulatory Role of the Extracellular Matrix Within the Liver Disease Microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Enzymatic Synthesis and Structural Confirmation of Novel Oligosaccharide, D-Fructofuranose-linked Chitin Oligosaccharide.Journal of applied glycoscience · 2020Article
- Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Myocardial Infarction and Heart Transplantation: The Road to Translational Success.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Receptor targeting drug delivery strategies and prospects in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.Research in pharmaceutical sciences · 2019Review
- A Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid Derivative Accelerates Excisional Wound Healing by Modulating Pro-Inflammation, Promoting Epithelialization and Neovascularization, and Remodeling Collagen.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- The CD44-HA axis and inflammation in atherosclerosis: A temporal perspective.Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology · 2019Review
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Macrophages play an important role in the acute tissue inflammatory response through the release of cytokines and growth factors in response to stimuli such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Macrophage inflammatory effector functions are also influenced by interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM). Such macrophage-ECM interactions may be important in regulating chronic inflammatory responses. Recent evidence has suggested that hyaluronan (HA), a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) component of ECM can induce inflammatory gene expression in murine macrophages. HA exists in its native form as a large polymer, but is found as smaller fragments under inflammatory conditions. The NF-kappa B/I-kappa B transcriptional regulatory system has been shown to be a critical component of the host inflammatory response. We examined the effects of high molecular weight HA and lower molecular weight HA fragments on NF-kappa B activation in mouse macrophages. Only the smaller HA fragments were found to activate NF-kappa B DNA binding activity. After HA stimulation, I-kappa B alpha mRNA was induced and I-kappa B alpha protein levels, which initially decreased, were restored. The induction of I-kappa Balpha expression was not observed for other GAGs. The time course of I-kappa B alpha protein regeneration in response to HA fragments was consistent with an autoregulatory mechanism. In support of this mechanism, in vitro translated murine I-kappa B alpha inhibited HA fragment-induced NF-kappa B DNA binding activity. The NF-kappa B DNA binding complex in HA-stimulated extracts was found to contain p50 and p65 subunits. Activation of the NF-kappa B/I-kappa B system in macrophages by ECM fragments may be an important mechanism for propagating the tissue inflammatory response.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.