Evidence map›Paper›PMID 8634612›Full record

ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)1996

Intersalt revisited: further analyses of 24 hour sodium excretion and blood pressure within and across populations. Intersalt Cooperative Research Group.

P Elliott, J Stamler, R Nichols, A R Dyer, R Stamler, H Kesteloot, M Marmot

Erratum issued 2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 231 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
231citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
25.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT00005763 completednot on this map

INTERSALT: International Study of Sodium, Potassium, and Blood Pressure

TypeobservationalSponsorNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)Ran1984 to 1997ConditionsCardiovascular Diseases, Heart Diseases, Hypertension
NCT01100580 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2010, after this paper: background citation

The Links Between Water and Salt Intake, Body Weight, Hypertension and Kidney Stones: a Difficult Puzzle

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of ParmaRan2010 to 2012Enrolled350ConditionsUrinary Stones, Hypertension, Overweight, ObesityArmslow salt diet, water therapy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

231 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 854 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. The science of salt: a systematic review of clinical salt studies 2013 to 2014.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2015
    Pooled it
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  5. Reduced dietary salt for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014
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  6. Effect of longer-term modest salt reduction on blood pressure.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013
    Pooled it
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  8. Reduced dietary salt for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2011
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171 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.

P ElliottDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College School of Medicine at St Mary's, London.
J Stamler
R Nichols
A R Dyer
R Stamler
H Kesteloot
M Marmot
General Department of Preventive Medicine · VNImperial College London · GBKU Leuven · BENorthwestern University · USUCL Australia · AU

Funding

Medical Research Council G8802774Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo assess further the relation in Intersalt of 24 hour urinary sodium to blood pressure of individuals and populations, and the difference in blood pressure from young adulthood into middle age.

designStandardised cross sectional study within and across populations.

setting52 population samples in 32 countries. SUBJECTS: 10,074 men and women aged 20-59.

main outcome measuresAssociation of sodium and blood pressure from within population and cross population multiple linear regression analyses with multivariate correction for regression dilution bias. Relation of sample median daily urinary sodium excretion to difference in blood pressure with age.

resultsIn within population analyses (n = 10,074), individual 24 hour urinary sodium excretion higher by 100 mmol (for example, 170 v 70 mmol) was associated with systolic/diastolic blood pressure higher on average by 3/0 to 6/3 mm Hg (with and without body mass in analyses). Associations were larger at ages 40-59. In cross population analyses (n = 52), sample median 24 hour sodium excretion higher by 100 mmol was associated with median systolic/diastolic pressure higher on average by 5-7/2-4 mm Hg, and estimated mean difference in systolic/diastolic pressure at age 55 compared with age 25 greater by 10-11/6 mm Hg.

conclusionsThe strong, positive association of urinary sodium with systolic pressure of individuals concurs with Intersalt cross population findings and results of other studies. Higher urinary sodium is also associated with substantially greater differences in blood pressure in middle age compared with young adulthood. These results support recommendations for reduction of high salt intake in populations for prevention and control of adverse blood pressure levels.

Indexed as

AdultAgingBlood PressureBody Mass IndexCircadian RhythmCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisNutrition PolicyPopulation SurveillanceRegression AnalysisSodiumSodium, DietarySodiumSodium, Dietary

Identifiers

PMID8634612
PMCPMC2351086
OpenAlexW1639251217

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.