ArticleThe EMBO journal1996
Specific initiation and switch to elongation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcription require the post-transcriptional modifications of primer tRNA3Lys.
Article in The EMBO journal, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 196 citations in OpenAlex.
- tRNA modifications in viral replication.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Review
- May I Help You with Your Coat? HIV-1 Capsid Uncoating and Reverse Transcription.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Retroviral PBS-segment sequence and structure: Orchestrating early and late replication events.Retrovirology · 2024Review
- Review
- High-resolution view of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase initiation complexes and inhibition by NNRTI drugs.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Avoiding Drug Resistance in HIV Reverse Transcriptase.Chemical reviews · 2021Review
- Extended Interactions between HIV-1 Viral RNA and tRNAInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Advances in understanding the initiation of HIV-1 reverse transcription.Current opinion in structural biology · 2020Review
- Distinct Conformational States Underlie Pausing during Initiation of HIV-1 Reverse Transcription.Journal of molecular biology · 2020Article
- From Entry to Egress: Strategic Exploitation of the Cellular Processes by HIV-1.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- Single-Molecule Analysis of Reverse Transcriptase Enzymes.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2019Review
- Virion-associated, host-derived DHX9/RNA helicase A enhances the processivity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase on genomic RNA.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2019Article
- Relating Structure and Dynamics in RNA Biology.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2019Review
- Structure of HIV-1 RT/dsRNA initiation complex prior to nucleotide incorporation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Double methylation of tRNA-U54 to 2'-O-methylthymidine (Tm) synergistically decreases immune response by Toll-like receptor 7.Nucleic acids research · 2018Article
- Article
- It Is Imperative to Establish a Pellucid Definition of Chimeric RNA and to Clear Up a Lot of Confusion in the Relevant Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
- Fate of HIV-1 cDNA intermediates during reverse transcription is dictated by transcription initiation site of virus genomic RNA.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Binding of the eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A with the 5'UTR of HIV-1 genomic RNA is important for reverse transcription.Virology journal · 2015Article
- Reverse Transcription of Retroviruses and LTR Retrotransposons.Microbiology spectrum · 2015Review
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Initiation of RNA-dependent DNA synthesis by retroviral reverse transcriptases is generally considered as unspecific. In the case of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the natural primer is tRNA3Lys. We recently found evidence of complex interactions between tRNA3Lys and HIV-1 RNA that may be involved in the priming process. In this study, we compare the ability of natural and unmodified synthetic tRNA3Lys and 18mer oligoribo- and oligodeoxyribonucleotides complementary to the viral primer binding site to initiate replication of HIV-1 RNA using either homologous or heterologous reverse transcriptases. We show that HIV-1 RNA, HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and primer tRNA3Lys form a specific initiation complex that differs from the unspecific elongation complex formed when an oligodeoxyribonucleotide is used as primer. Modified nucleosides of tRNA3Lys are required for efficient initiation and transition to elongation. Transition from initiation to elongation, but not initiation of reverse transcription itself, is facilitated by extended primer-template interactions. Elongation, but not initiation of reverse transcription, is inhibited by Mn2+, which further differentiates these two different functional states of reverse transcriptase. These results define initiation of reverse transcription as a target to block viral replication.
Indexed as
Identifiers
8631312PMC450289W1505853139What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.