ArticleMolecular and cellular biology1996
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K is a transcription factor.
Article in Molecular and cellular biology, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 140 papers.
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Who cites it
140 citing papers in PubMed, 348 citations in OpenAlex.
- hnRNPK condensates facilitate enhancer-promoter looping and RNA polymerase II recruitment.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- Prion propagation is controlled by a hierarchical network involving the nuclear Tfap2c and hnRNP K factors and the cytosolic mTORC1 complex.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- TDP43 and hnRNP K Regulate Alternative Splicing of DNAJC5.Cell biology international · 2026Article
- Azoospermia phenotype and scRNA-seq reveal hnRNPK as a factor essential for male germ cell development in mice.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- The ribonucleoprotein hnRNP K promotes hepatic steatosis by suppressing the nuclear hormone receptor PPARα.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2025Article
- Three- and four-stranded nucleic acid structures and their ligands.RSC chemical biology · 2025Review
- Heterogeneous Ribonucleoprotein K Is a Host Regulatory Factor of Chikungunya Virus Replication in Astrocytes.Viruses · 2024Article
- Regulation of HNRNP family by post-translational modifications in cancer.Cell death discovery · 2024Review
- The interferon-regulated host factor hnRNPA0 modulates HIV-1 production by interference with LTR activity, mRNA trafficking, and programmed ribosomal frameshifting.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Sensing nucleotide composition in virus RNA.Bioscience reports · 2023Review
- HnRNP K regulates inflammatory gene expression by mediating splicing pattern of transcriptional factors.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Article
- MYC function and regulation in physiological perspective.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- TheThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2022Article
- Single-Stranded DNA Binding Proteins and Their Identification Using Machine Learning-Based Approaches.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Deletion ofCells · 2022Article
- SYNCRIP Modulates the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Hepatocytes and HCC Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- hnRNPK-derived cell-penetratingpeptide inhibits cancer cell survival.Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2021Article
- Counteracting the Ramifications of UVB Irradiation and Photoaging withMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- FAM83H-AS1 is a noncoding oncogenic driver and therapeutic target of lung adenocarcinoma.Clinical and translational medicine · 2021Article
80 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The CT element is a positively acting homopyrimidine tract upstream of the c-myc gene to which the well-characterized transcription factor Spl and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) K, a less well-characterized protein associated with hnRNP complexes, have previously been shown to bind. The present work demonstrates that both of these molecules contribute to CT element-activated transcription in vitro. The pyrimidine-rich strand of the CT element both bound to hnRNP K and competitively inhibited transcription in vitro, suggesting a role for hnRNP K in activating transcription through this single-stranded sequence. Direct addition of recombinant hnRNP K to reaction mixtures programmed with templates bearing single-stranded CT elements increased specific RNA synthesis. If hnRNP K is a transcription factor, then interactions with the RNA polymerase II transcription apparatus are predicted. Affinity columns charged with recombinant hnRNP K specifically bind a component(s) necessary for transcription activation. The depleted factors were biochemically complemented by a crude TFIID phosphocellulose fraction, indicating that hnRNP K might interact with the TATA-binding protein (TBP)-TBP-associated factor complex. Coimmunoprecipitation of a complex formed in vivo between hnRNP K and epitope-tagged TBP as well as binding in vitro between recombinant proteins demonstrated a protein-protein interaction between TBP and hnRNP K. Furthermore, when the two proteins were overexpressed in vivo, transcription from a CT element-dependent reporter was synergistically activated. These data indicate that hnRNP K binds to a specific cis element, interacts with the RNA polymerase II transcription machinery, and stimulates transcription and thus has all of the properties of a transcription factor.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.