Trial reportProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1995
Maternal plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA level: a determinant and projected threshold for mother-to-child transmission.
Trial report in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 174 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of option B highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) in pregnant HIV women.BMC research notes · 2014Trial
- Generalized Treatment as Prevention Plus Focused Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Is the Key to Controlling HIV/AIDS.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Review
- High nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance levels in HIV-1-infected Zambian mother-infant pairs.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
- Article
- The effect of opportunistic illness on HIV RNA viral load and CD4+ T cell count among HIV-positive adults taking antiretroviral therapy.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2013Article
- Antiretroviral therapy initiated soon after HIV diagnosis as standard care: potential to save lives?HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2011Article
- Antenatal HIV-1 RNA load and timing of mother to child transmission; a nested case-control study in a resource poor setting.Virology journal · 2010Article
- Expanded Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Coverage - A Powerful Strategy to Curb Progression to AIDS, Death and New Infections.European infectious disease · 2009Article
- Fetal allostimulation of maternal cells: a potential mechanism for perinatal HIV transmission following obstetrical hemorrhage.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2008Article
- HLA class I-driven evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype c proteome: immune escape and viral load.Journal of virology · 2008Article
- Does antiretroviral therapy prevent HIV transmission to sexual partners?Current infectious disease reports · 2008Article
- Does antiretroviral therapy prevent HIV transmission to sexual partners?Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2007Review
- Genomic analysis of HIV type 1 strains derived from a mother and child pair of long-term nonprogressors.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2007Article
- Gene-expression profiling of HIV-1 infection and perinatal transmission in Botswana.Genes and immunity · 2006Article
- Contribution of immune activation to the pathogenesis and transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2001Review
- Perinatal Transmission of HIV: Recognition and Treatment Interventions.Current infectious disease reports · 2001Article
- Preferential suppression of CXCR4-specific strains of HIV-1 by antiviral therapy.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2001Article
- Antiretroviral-drug concentrations in semen: implications for sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 1999Review
- Frequent detection of escape from cytotoxic T-lymphocyte recognition in perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 transmission: the ariel project for the prevention of transmission of HIV from mother to infant.Journal of virology · 1999Article
- Determinations of levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA in plasma: reassessment of parameters affecting assay outcome. TUBE Meeting Workshop Attendees. Technology Utilization for HIV-1 Blood Evaluation and Standardization in Pediatrics.Journal of clinical microbiology · 1998Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To prevent mother-to-child human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission, it is important to identify its determinants. Because HIV-1 RNA levels can be reduced by antiviral therapy, we examined the role of maternal plasma HIV-1 RNA level in mother-to-child transmission. We used quantitative competitive PCR to measure HIV-RNA in 30 infected pregnant women and then followed their infants prospectively; 27% of the women transmitted HIV-1 to their infants and maternal plasma HIV-1 RNA level correlated strikingly with transmission. Eight of the 10 women with the highest HIV-1 RNA levels at delivery (190,400-1,664,100 copies per ml of plasma) transmitted, while none of the 20 women with lower levels (500-155,800 copies per ml) did (P = 0.0002). Statistical analysis of the distribution of HIV-1 RNA loads in these 30 women projected a threshold for mother-to-child transmission in a larger population; the probability of a woman with a viral RNA level of < or = 100,000 copies per ml not transmitting is predicted to be 97%. Examination of serial HIV-1 RNA levels during pregnancy showed that viral load was stable in women who did not initiate or change antiviral therapy. These data identify maternal plasma HIV-1-RNA level as a major determinant of mother-to-child transmission and suggest that quantitation of HIV-1 RNA may predict the risk of transmission.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.