Evidence map›Paper›PMID 8613381›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity1996

Intranasal and intramuscular proteosome-staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) toxoid vaccines: immunogenicity and efficacy against lethal SEB intoxication in mice.

G H Lowell, R W Kaminski, S Grate, R E Hunt, C Charney, S Zimmer, C Colleton

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Development of Antistaphylococcal Vaccines.Current infectious disease reports · 2001
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

G H LowellDivision of Pathology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307, USA.
R W Kaminski
S Grate
R E Hunt
C Charney
S Zimmer
C Colleton
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intranasal or intramuscular (i.m.) immunization of mice and i.m. immunization of rabbits with formalinized staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) toxoid in saline elicited higher anti-SEB serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers when the toxoid was formulated with proteosomes. In addition, intranasal immunization of mice with this proteosome-toxoid vaccine elicited high levels of anti-SEB IgA in lung and intestinal secretions, whereas the toxoid without proteosomes did not. Two i.m. immunizations with proteosome-toxoid plus alum also induced higher murine serum responses than alum-adjuvanted toxoid without proteosomes. Furthermore, proteosome-toxoid delivered intranasally in saline or i.m. with either saline or alum afforded significant protection against lethal SEB challenge in two D-galactosamine-sensitized murine models of SEB intoxication, i.e., the previously described i.m. challenge model and a new respiratory challenge model of mucosal SEB exposure. Efficacy correlated with the induction of high serum levels of anti-SEB IgG. In contrast, intranasal or i.m. immunization with toxoid in saline without proteosomes was not significantly protective in either challenge model. Proteosome-toxoid plus alum given i.m. also elicited more significant protection against respiratory challenge than the alum-adjuvanted toxoid alone. The capacity of proteosomes to enhance both i.m. and intranasal immunogenicity and efficacy of SEB toxoid indicates that testing such proteosome-SEB toxoid vaccines in the nonhuman primate aerosol challenge model of SEB intoxication prior to immunogenicity trials in humans is warranted. These data expand the applicability of the proteosome mucosal vaccine delivery system to protein toxoids and suggest that respiratory delivery of proteosome vaccines may be practical for enhancement of both mucosal and systemic immunity against toxic or infectious diseases.

Indexed as

Adjuvants, ImmunologicAdministration, IntranasalAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialBacterial VaccinesBronchiCysteine EndopeptidasesEnterotoxinsImmunizationImmunoglobulin AImmunoglobulin GInjections, IntramuscularIntestinesMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMultienzyme ComplexesAdjuvants, ImmunologicAntibodies, BacterialBacterial VaccinesCysteine Endopeptidasesenterotoxin B, staphylococcalEnterotoxinsImmunoglobulin AImmunoglobulin GMultienzyme ComplexesProteasome Endopeptidase Complex

Identifiers

PMID8613381
PMCPMC173982
OpenAlexW2140657045

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.