ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation1996
Pulmonary epithelial cell expression of GM-CSF corrects the alveolar proteinosis in GM-CSF-deficient mice.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 261 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inhaled Molgramostim Therapy in Autoimmune Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis.The New England journal of medicine · 2020Trial
- Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase 1 mutation impairs pulmonary surfactant homeostasis by disrupting alveolar macrophage function.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- β-Glucan reprograms alveolar macrophages via neutrophil/IFNγ axis in a murine model of lung injury.eLife · 2025Article
- GM-CSF-mediated epithelial-immune cell cross-talk orchestrates pulmonary immunity toScience immunology · 2025Article
- Mouse and human macrophages and their roles in cardiovascular health and disease.Nature cardiovascular research · 2024Review
- Repeated inhalation of GM-CSF by nonhuman primates induces bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue along the lower respiratory tract.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Inhaled GM-CSF administered during ongoing pneumovirus infection alters myeloid and CD8 T cell immunity without affecting disease outcome.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Distinct fibroblast functions associated with fibrotic and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and their implications for therapeutic development.F1000Research · 2024Review
- Lethal eosinophilic crystalline pneumonia in mice expressing a stabilized Csf2 mRNA.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2023Article
- Review
- Role of GM-CSF in lung balance and disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Correction of a chronic pulmonary disease through lentiviral vector-mediated protein expression.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2022Article
- Autoimmune Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2022Article
- Alveolar macrophages rely on GM-CSF from alveolar epithelial type 2 cells before and after birth.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2021Article
- Review
- The Role of GM-CSF Autoantibodies in Infection and Autoimmune Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis: A Concise Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- GM-CSF: Orchestrating the Pulmonary Response to Infection.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- The protective effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor against radiation-induced lung injury.Translational lung cancer research · 2020Article
- Legionella-Infected Macrophages Engage the Alveolar Epithelium to Metabolically Reprogram Myeloid Cells and Promote Antibacterial Inflammation.Cell host & microbe · 2020Article
- Nrf2 Lowers the Risk of Lung Injury via Modulating the Airway Innate Immune Response Induced by Diesel Exhaust in Mice.Biomedicines · 2020Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Mutation of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene by homologous recombination caused alveolar proteinosis in mice. To further discern the role of GM-CSF in surfactant homeostasis, the synthesis of GM-CSF was directed to the respiratory epithelium of GM-CSF-hull mutant mice (GM-/-) with a chimeric gene expressing GM-CSF under the control of the promoter from the human surfactant protein-C (SP-C) gene. Transgenic mice bearing the SP-C-GM-CSF construct (SP-C-GM+) were bred to GM-/- mice resulting in complete correction of alveolar proteinosis in bitransgenic GM-/-, SP-C-GM+ mice. No effects of the transgene were found outside the lung. GM-CSF was increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the bitransgenic mice. Surfactant proteins-A and -B and phospholipid in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were normalized in the GM-/-, SP-C-GM+ mice. SP-A, -B, and -C mRNAs were unaltered in lungs from GM-CSF-deficient and -replete mice. Expression of GM-CSF in respiratory epithelial cells of transgenic mice restores surfactant homeostasis in GM-/- mice. From these findings, we conclude that GM-CSF regulates the clearance or catabolism rather than synthesis of surfactant proteins and lipids.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.