ReviewAnatomy and embryology1995
Lymphocytes in the lung: an often neglected cell. Numbers, characterization and compartmentalization.
Review in Anatomy and embryology, 1995. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunophenotyping and protein profiling of Fontan-associated plastic bronchitis airway casts.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2013Trial
- Impact of zinc on immunometabolism and its putative role on respiratory diseases.Immunometabolism (Cobham, Surrey) · 2025Review
- The underappreciated role of resident epithelial cell populations in metastatic progression: contributions of the lung alveolar epithelium.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2022Review
- Nutritional immunity: the impact of metals on lung immune cells and the airway microbiome during chronic respiratory disease.Respiratory research · 2021Review
- Aging and Lung Disease.Annual review of physiology · 2020Review
- Engineering cell heterogeneity into organs-on-a-chip.Lab on a chip · 2018Review
- Inducible Bronchus-Associated Lymphoid Tissue: Taming Inflammation in the Lung.Frontiers in immunology · 2016Review
- Proteomic profiling of lymphocytes in autoimmunity, inflammation and cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2014Review
- Novel aspects on the pathogenesis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in microbiology · 2014Review
- What is the clinical relevance of different lung compartments?BMC pulmonary medicine · 2009Article
- Acute stress reduces intraparenchymal lung natural killer cells via beta-adrenergic stimulation.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2005Article
- Article
- Blockade of leucocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) decreases lymphocyte trapping in the normal pulmonary vasculature: studies in the isolated buffer-perfused rat lung.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2000Article
- Lymphocyte subsets in distinct lung compartments show a different ability to produce interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) during a pulmonary immune response.Clinical and experimental immunology · 1998Article
- Immunophenotyping of bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocytes.Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology · 1998Review
- Germinal center formation and local immunoglobulin E (IgE) production in the lung after an airway antigenic challenge.The Journal of experimental medicine · 1996Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The lung is continuously in contact with inhaled particles, some of which are of microbial origin. This requires adequate defence mechanisms in the form of immune reactions. These can be subdivided into the afferent and efferent limb. Specific immune reactions depend on the interactions between lymphoid and accessory cells. Therefore, the local histotopographic localization of lymphocyte subsets has to be known to understand pulmonary immune reactions. As lymphocytes have often not been mentioned when cells in the respiratory tract have been characterized, their compartmentalization, number and subset composition in the lung are outlined here. Lymphocytes are found in the epithelium and lamina propria of the bronchi with different subset compositions. In some species, like the rabbit, bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) is found as follicle-like aggregations with lymphocytes infiltrating the epithelium, which shows specialized epithelial cells. BALT, however, is not a constitutive structure in all species, e.g. in humans. Nevertheless, certain (probably) microbial stimuli can induce BALT in adult humans. In contrast to many other organs, the lung vascular bed contains large numbers of lymphocytes. Little is known about the adhesion molecules that make this margination possible. In the lung interstitium about 10 x 10(9) lymphocytes have been calculated for healthy adults. The most easily accessible pool of lymphocytes in the human lung are those recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage. The vast majority of such lymphocytes express markers typical for "memory lymphocytes". The intrapulmonary migratory routes of lymphocytes and the integration of the lung in the common mucosal immune system are described.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.