ArticleJournal of virology1996
The bovine papillomavirus type 1 E2 transactivator and repressor proteins use different nuclear localization signals.
Article in Journal of virology, 1996. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- E2 Tyrosine 102 Regulates MmuPV1 Pathogenesis In Vivo.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A conserved cysteine in the DNA-binding domain of MmuPV1 E2 is required for replicationJournal of virology · 2025Article
- A Conserved Di-Lysine Motif in the E2 Transactivation Domain Regulates MmuPV1 Replication and Disease Progression.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Human Papillomavirus 31 Tyrosine 102 Regulates Interaction with E2 Binding Partners and Episomal Maintenance.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Cottontail Rabbit Papillomavirus E1 and E2 Proteins Mutually Influence Their Subcellular Localizations.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Human Papillomavirus Replication Regulation by Acetylation of a Conserved Lysine in the E2 Protein.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Phosphorylation of the Bovine Papillomavirus E2 Protein on Tyrosine Regulates Its Transcription and Replication Functions.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- The Cellular DNA Helicase ChlR1 Regulates Chromatin and Nuclear Matrix Attachment of the Human Papillomavirus 16 E2 Protein and High-Copy-Number Viral Genome Establishment.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Characterization of the nuclear matrix targeting sequence (NMTS) of the BPV1 E8/E2 protein--the shortest known NMTS.Nucleus (Austin, Tex.) · 2015Article
- The papillomavirus E2 proteins.Virology · 2013Review
- Acetylation of conserved lysines in bovine papillomavirus E2 by p300.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Common importin alpha specificity for papillomavirus E2 proteins.Virus research · 2010Article
- The DNA binding domain of a papillomavirus E2 protein programs a chimeric nuclease to cleave integrated human papillomavirus DNA in HeLa cervical carcinoma cells.Journal of virology · 2007Article
- Article
- Nuclear import of bovine papillomavirus type 1 E1 protein is mediated by multiple alpha importins and is negatively regulated by phosphorylation near a nuclear localization signal.Journal of virology · 2007Article
- Association of bovine papillomavirus E2 protein with nuclear structures in vivo.Journal of virology · 2005Article
- The two major human metapneumovirus genetic lineages are highly related antigenically, and the fusion (F) protein is a major contributor to this antigenic relatedness.Journal of virology · 2004Article
- Signals that dictate nuclear localization of human papillomavirus type 16 oncoprotein E6 in living cells.Journal of virology · 2003Article
- Baculovirus transregulator IE1 requires a dimeric nuclear localization element for nuclear import and promoter activation.Journal of virology · 2002Article
- A chimeric human-bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 expressing measles virus hemagglutinin is attenuated for replication but is still immunogenic in rhesus monkeys.Journal of virology · 2001Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The E2 gene of bovine papillomavirus type 1 encodes at least three nuclear phosphoproteins that regulate viral transcription and DNA replication. All three proteins have a common C-terminal domain that has DNA-binding and dimerization activities. A basic region in this domain forms an alpha helix which makes direct contact with the DNA target. In this study, it is shown that in addition to its role in DNA binding, this basic region functions as a nuclear localization signal both in the E2 DNA-binding domain and in a heterologous protein. Deletion of this signal sequence resulted in increased accumulation of the E2 transactivator and repressor proteins in the cytoplasm, but nuclear localization was not eliminated. In the full-length transactivator protein, another signal, present in the N-terminal transactivation domain, is used for transport to the nucleus, and the C-terminal nuclear localization signal(s) are masked. The use of different nuclear localization signals could potentially allow differential regulation of the subcellular localization of the E2 transactivator and repressor proteins at some stage in the viral life cycle.
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Registered trials
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