ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1993
Variant-specific surface proteins of Giardia lamblia are zinc-binding proteins.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1993. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of Parasitic Infestation on Nutritional Status and Micronutrients among Children.Journal of parasitology research · 2024Article
- Efficient oral vaccination by bioengineering virus-like particles with protozoan surface proteins.Nature communications · 2019Article
- [Trace elements in serum of malnourished and well-nourished children living in Lubumbashi and Kawama].The Pan African medical journal · 2016Article
- Review
- Article
- McsA and the roles of metal-binding motif in Staphylococcus aureus.FEMS microbiology letters · 2012Article
- The Giardia lamblia vsp gene repertoire: characteristics, genomic organization, and evolution.BMC genomics · 2010Article
- Gene duplication in the genome of parasitic Giardia lamblia.BMC evolutionary biology · 2010Article
- Characterization of SNAREs determines the absence of a typical Golgi apparatus in the ancient eukaryote Giardia lamblia.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2008Article
- Biology of Giardia lamblia.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2001Review
- Efficacies of zinc-finger-active drugs against Giardia lamblia.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 1998Article
- Antigenic variation in Giardia lamblia and the host's immune response.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 1997Review
- Size heterogeneity among antigenically related Giardia lamblia variant-specific surface proteins is due to differences in tandem repeat copy number.Infection and immunity · 1994Article
- Effect of enteric parasitic infection on serum trace elements and nutritional status in upper Egyptian children.Tropical parasitologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Giardia lamblia undergoes surface antigenic variation. The variant-specific surface proteins (VSPs) are a distinct family of cysteine-rich proteins. Characteristically, cysteine residues occur mostly as CXXC tetrapeptides. Four of the reported five VSPs contain a putative metal-binding domain that resembles other metal-binding motifs; the fifth is closely related but lacks an essential histidine. Three different native VSPs bound Zn2+. Co2+, Cu2+, and Cd2+ inhibited Zn2+ binding. Analysis of recombinant VSP fusion proteins showed that the putative binding motif bound Zn2+. Surprisingly, peptide fragments from other regions of the VSP contain numerous CXXCXnCXXC motifs that also bound Zn2+. Analysis of deduced amino acid sequences showed well-conserved CXXC spacing in three out of five VSPs, suggesting conservation of structure despite amino acid sequence divergence. The function of VSPs is unknown, but by binding Zn2+ or other metals in the intestine, VSPs may contribute to Zn2+ malnutrition or inhibition of metal-dependent intestinal enzymes, which would lead to malabsorption, a well-known consequence of giardiasis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.