ArticleThe American journal of pathology1993
Cellular localization of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha transcripts in normal bowel and in necrotizing enterocolitis. TNF gene expression by Paneth cells, intestinal eosinophils, and macrophages.
Article in The American journal of pathology, 1993. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cytokine networks in Paneth cell regulation.Mucosal immunology · 2026Review
- Local Peritoneal Cytokine Response IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α in a Standardized Neonatal Rat Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- GSDMD deficiency mitigates intestinal damage via macrophage pyroptosis control in experimental NEC.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Article
- Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Hematological Parameters in Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Extracellular Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Is a Therapeutic Target in Experimental Necrotizing Enterocolitis.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Epithelial TNF controls cell differentiation and CFTR activity to maintain intestinal mucin homeostasis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Article
- Paneth cell development in the neonatal gut: pathway regulation, development, and relevance to necrotizing enterocolitis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Influence ofJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2022Article
- An Update Review on the Paneth Cell as Key to Ileal Crohn's Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Avian Expression Patterns and Genomic Mapping Implicate Leptin in Digestion and TNF in Immunity, Suggesting That Their Interacting Adipokine Role Has Been Acquired Only in MammalsInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Human Fetal-Derived Enterospheres Provide Insights on Intestinal Development and a Novel Model to Study Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC).Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2018Article
- Article
- Cytokines and growth factors in the developing intestine and during necrotizing enterocolitis.Seminars in perinatology · 2017Review
- Immunologic and Hematological Abnormalities in Necrotizing Enterocolitis.Clinics in perinatology · 2015Review
- M1 to M2 macrophage polarization in heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor therapy for necrotizing enterocolitis.The Journal of surgical research · 2015Article
- Early Persistent Blood Eosinophilia in Necrotizing Enterocolitis Is a Predictor of Late Complications.Neonatology · 2015Article
- Functional intersection of Human Defensin 5 with the TNF receptor pathway.FEBS letters · 2014Article
- Commensal and probiotic bacteria may prevent NEC by maturing intestinal host defenses.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2014Article
- Inflammatory signaling in NEC: Role of NF-κB, cytokines and other inflammatory mediators.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2014Article
- Eosinophil cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors: emerging roles in immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) has been shown to induce intestinal necrosis in animals. Moreover, plasma TNF levels are elevated in patients with necrotizing enterocolitis. Thus, it is possible that TNF plays a role in the pathogenesis of NEC. In the present study we used in situ hybridization (with human TNF riboprobes) to localize TNF transcripts in the intestinal tissues from normal biopsies and NEC patients. We found that in normal intestine a small amount of TNF mRNA was present only in Paneth cells. In contrast, in the acute stage of NEC, a high amount of TNF transcripts was detected in Paneth cells as well as in infiltrating eosinophils. In one case that showed infiltrating macrophages, TNF mRNA was also detected in these cells. Resident macrophages in the lamina propria and other inflammatory cells were negative for TNF transcripts. Our results suggest that: 1) Paneth cells are the major source of TNF transcripts in normal intestine, and 2) there is a marked increase in TNF mRNA formation in Paneth cells, as well as in infiltrating eosinophils and macrophages in patients with NEC. TNF-containing cells may play an important role in the pathophysiology of NEC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
8506954PMC1886983W71639122What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.