ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1993
Expression of a human acetylcholinesterase promoter-reporter construct in developing neuromuscular junctions of Xenopus embryos.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1993. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Neuronal AChE splice variants and their non-hydrolytic functions: redefining a target of AChE inhibitors?British journal of pharmacology · 2013Review
- ATP induces synaptic gene expressions in cortical neurons: transduction and transcription control via P2Y1 receptors.Molecular pharmacology · 2010Article
- Calcium signaling-induced Smad3 nuclear accumulation induces acetylcholinesterase transcription in apoptotic HeLa cells.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2009Article
- ARP, the cleavable C-terminal peptide of "readthrough" acetylcholinesterase, promotes neuronal development and plasticity.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2006Review
- ATP acts via P2Y1 receptors to stimulate acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholine receptor expression: transduction and transcription control.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2003Article
- Article
- Expression of the P2Y1 nucleotide receptor in chick muscle: its functional role in the regulation of acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholine receptor.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2001Article
- Short- and long-term influences of calcitonin gene-related peptide on the synthesis of acetylcholinesterase in mammalian myotubes.British journal of pharmacology · 2001Article
- An intronic enhancer containing an N-box motif is required for synapse- and tissue-specific expression of the acetylcholinesterase gene in skeletal muscle fibers.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1999Article
- Human osteogenesis involves differentiation-dependent increases in the morphogenically active 3' alternative splicing variant of acetylcholinesterase.Molecular and cellular biology · 1999Article
- Acetylcholinesterase enhances neurite growth and synapse development through alternative contributions of its hydrolytic capacity, core protein, and variable C termini.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 1998Article
- Synaptic and epidermal accumulations of human acetylcholinesterase are encoded by alternative 3'-terminal exons.Molecular and cellular biology · 1995Article
- Transgenic engineering of neuromuscular junctions in Xenopus laevis embryos transiently overexpressing key cholinergic proteins.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1994Article
- Synaptogenesis and myopathy under acetylcholinesterase overexpression.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MNArticle
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6 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We have employed Xenopus embryos to express human acetylcholinesterase (AcChoEase; EC 3.1.1.7) in developing synapses. Transcription of AcChoEase mRNA was driven by a 2.2-kb sequence upstream from the initiator AUG in the ACHE gene encoding AcChoEase, with multiple potential sites for binding universal and tissue-specific transcription factors. These included clustered MyoD elements, E-box, SP1, EGR1, AP-2, and the development-related GAGA motif. A DNA construct composed of this sequence linked to a 2.1-kb sequence encoding human AcChoEase was designated human AcChoEase promoter-reporter (HpACHE). HpACHE but none of its several 5'-truncated derivatives was transcriptionally active in developing Xenopus embryos. Furthermore, PCR analysis using chimeric PCR primers revealed usage of the same 1.5-kb intron and 74-bp exon within the HpACHE sequence in microinjected embryos and various human tissues. Cytochemical staining revealed conspicuous accumulation of overexpressed AcChoEase in neuromuscular junctions and within muscle fibers of apparently normal 2-day Xenopus embryos injected with HpACHE. The same reporter driven by the cytomegalovirus promoter was similarly efficient in directing the heterologous human enzyme toward neuromuscular junctions, attributing the evolutionary conservation of AcChoEase targeting to the coding sequence. Our findings demonstrate that a short DNA sequence is sufficient to promote the exogenous transcription and faithful splicing of human AcChoEase mRNA in developing Xenopus embryos and foreshadow their use for integrative studies of cholinergic signaling and synapse formation.
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