ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1993
Differential expression of the two nonallelic proinsulin genes in the developing mouse embryo.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1993. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 204 citations in OpenAlex.
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- scCDC: a computational method for gene-specific contamination detection and correction in single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-seq data.Genome biology · 2024Article
- The Expression of Insulin in the Central Nervous System: What Have We Learned So Far?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Role of Delta/Notch-like EGF-related receptor in blood glucose homeostasis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Autonomous regulation of retinal insulin biosynthesis in diabetes.Neuropeptides · 2022Article
- Programming of cardiometabolic health: the role of maternal and fetal hyperinsulinaemia.The Journal of endocrinology · 2022Review
- Alzheimer's Disease as Type 3 Diabetes: Common Pathophysiological Mechanisms between Alzheimer's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Effects of hyperinsulinemia on pancreatic cancer development and the immune microenvironment revealed through single-cell transcriptomics.Cancer & metabolism · 2022Article
- Preclinical Models to Evaluate the Human Response to Autoantigen and Antigen-Specific Immunotherapy in Human Type 1 Diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Application and trend of bioluminescence imaging in metabolic syndrome research.Frontiers in chemistry · 2022Review
- Insulin action in the brain regulates both central and peripheral functions.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Review
- Targeting Insulin Resistance to Treat Cognitive Dysfunction.Molecular neurobiology · 2021Review
- Modeling different types of diabetes using human pluripotent stem cells.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2021Review
- Tolerance to Proinsulin-1 Reduces Autoimmune Diabetes in NOD Mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Insulin synthesized in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus regulates pituitary growth hormone production.JCI insight · 2020Article
- A Critical Insulin TCR Contact Residue Selects High-Affinity and Pathogenic Insulin-Specific T Cells.Diabetes · 2020Article
- Release of insulin produced by the choroid plexis is regulated by serotonergic signaling.JCI insight · 2019Article
- Reduction of Inflammation and Enhancement of Motility after Pancreatic Islet Derived Stem Cell Transplantation Following Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society · 2019Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the mouse, insulin is produced from two similar but nonallelic genes that encode proinsulins I and II. We have investigated expression of these two genes during mouse embryonic development, using a PCR to detect the two gene transcripts and immunocytochemistry to visualize the two corresponding proteins. At appearance of the dorsal pancreatic anlage at day 9.5 of gestation, both mRNAs could be detected in the embryos, and both proteins were present together in the same cells of the developing pancreas. At days 9.5 and 10.5, when the ventral anlage appears, there were fewer proinsulin II mRNAs than proinsulin I mRNAs. At day 12.5 this ratio was reversed. Proinsulin II mRNA, but not proinsulin I mRNA, could be detected at day 8.5 in the prepancreatic embryo. Proinsulin II mRNA, but not proinsulin I mRNA, was also found in the heads of embryos at day 9.5 and at all later stages studied. These results indicate that the two proinsulin genes are regulated independently, at least in part. They also suggest that insulin might play a role as a growth factor in the developing mouse brain.
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