ArticleJournal of molecular evolution1993
Potential problems in estimating the male-to-female mutation rate ratio from DNA sequence data.
Article in Journal of molecular evolution, 1993. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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11 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum and Urinary Uromodulin in Dogs with Early Chronic Kidney Disease vs. Healthy Canine Population.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Article
- Male Mutation Bias Is the Main Force Shaping Chromosomal Substitution Rates in Monotreme Mammals.Genome biology and evolution · 2017Article
- Genome analyses substantiate male mutation bias in many species.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2011Review
- Characteristics, causes and evolutionary consequences of male-biased mutation.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2007Review
- Substitution rate heterogeneity and the male mutation bias.Journal of molecular evolution · 2006Article
- The causes of synonymous rate variation in the rodent genome. Can substitution rates be used to estimate the sex bias in mutation rate?Genetics · 1999Article
- Article
- Analysis of mutation rates in the SMCY/SMCX genes shows that mammalian evolution is male driven.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 1997Article
- Contrasting rates of nucleotide substitution in the X-linked and Y-linked zinc finger genes.Journal of molecular evolution · 1994Article
- Weak male-driven molecular evolution in rodents.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1994Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is commonly believed that the rate of mutation is much higher in males than in females because the number of germ-cell divisions per generation is much larger in males than in females. However, the precise magnitude of the male-to-female mutation rate ratio (alpha m) remains unknown. Recently there have been efforts to estimate alpha m by using DNA sequence data from different species. We have studied the potential problems in such an approach. We found that the rate of synonymous substitution varies about fivefold among X-linked genes, as large as the variation among autosomal genes. This large variation makes the assumption of selective neutrality of synonymous changes dubious, so one should be cautious in using the synonymous rates in X-linked and autosomal genes to estimate alpha m. A similar difficulty was also observed in using nonhomologous intron sequences to estimate alpha m. Contrary to the expectation that X-linked sequences should evolve more slowly than autosomal sequences, the Alu repeat in the last intron of the X-linked zinc finger gene has evolved faster than the four autosomal Alu repeats used in this study. It appears that the best way to estimate alpha m is to use homologous sequences. However, such sequences may be involved in gene conversion events. In fact, we found evidence that the Y-linked and X-linked zinc finger genes have been involved in multiple conversion events during primate evolution. Thus, the possibility of gene conversion should be considered when using homologous sequences to estimate alpha m.
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