ArticleDiabetologia1993
Decline of mumps antibodies in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic children and a plateau in the rising incidence of type 1 diabetes after introduction of the mumps-measles-rubella vaccine in Finland. Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group.
Article in Diabetologia, 1993. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Viral Infections in the Immunopathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review.Biology · 2025Review
- BCG Vaccination and the Risk of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Viruses and Type 1 Diabetes: From Enteroviruses to the Virome.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Environmental trigger(s) of type 1 diabetes: why so difficult to identify?BioMed research international · 2015Review
- Type I diabetes mellitus: genetic factors and presumptive enteroviral etiology or protection.Journal of pathogens · 2014Review
- The emerging global epidemic of type 1 diabetes.Current diabetes reports · 2013Article
- Prevention or acceleration of type 1 diabetes by viruses.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2013Review
- Immune cell crosstalk in type 1 diabetes.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2010Review
- Article
- Approaches in type 1 diabetes research: A status report.International journal of diabetes in developing countries · 2009Article
- Viral trigger for type 1 diabetes: pros and cons.Diabetes · 2008Article
- Environmental triggers and determinants of beta-cell autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2003Review
- Month of birth and risk of developing insulin dependent diabetes in south east Sweden.Archives of disease in childhood · 1999Article
- Association between type 1 diabetes and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination: birth cohort study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 1999Article
- Immunisation and type 1 diabetes mellitus: is there a link?Drug safety · 1999Review
- No evidence that vaccines cause insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 1998Article
- Association between exanthematous diseases and earlier age at Type 1 diabetes diagnosis: a Brazilian cohort study.Jornal de pediatriaArticle
- Exploring the relationship between exanthematous diseases and early-onset type 1 diabetes in children.Jornal de pediatriaArticle
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A nationwide mumps-measles-rubella vaccination was introduced in 1982 in Finland to children aged 1.5 to 6 years and since then mumps has virtually disappeared in the country. We investigated whether this rapid epidemiological change had any impact on antibody activity against mumps virus in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic children or on the incidence of Type 1 diabetes in Finland. Two case-control series were collected before (series I and II) and three series after (series III-V) the introduction of the vaccination. IgA class mumps antibody levels were significantly higher in Type 1 diabetic children than in matched control children in the first two but not in the three later series. IgG class antibody levels were similar in patients and control subjects in the first two series but significantly lower in patients than in control subjects in the three later series. The overall incidence of Type 1 diabetes in 0-14-year-old children increased until 1987 but remained about the same during 1988-1990. In 5-9-year-old children no further increase in Type 1 diabetes was seen since 1985, whereas in 0-4-year-old children the incidence continued to rise until 1990. The results suggest that the elimination of natural mumps by mumps-measles-rubella vaccination may have decreased the risk for Type 1 diabetes in Finland; a possible causal relationship is substantiated by the observed concomitant decrease in mumps antibody levels in diabetic children. However, further studies are required to determine if the vaccine virus, like natural mumps, could trigger the clinical onset of Type 1 diabetes in young children.
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