ArticleNucleic acids research1993
Multiple closely-linked NFAT/octamer and HMG I(Y) binding sites are part of the interleukin-4 promoter.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 1993. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 186 citations in OpenAlex.
- Two Faces of NFAT Transcription Factors in LymphocytesBiomolecules · 2026Review
- KCell communication and signaling : CCS · 2018Article
- Integration of Kinase and Calcium Signaling at the Level of Chromatin Underlies Inducible Gene Activation in T Cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2017Article
- The High Mobility Group A1 (HMGA1) Transcriptome in Cancer and Development.Current molecular medicine · 2016Review
- Octamer-dependent transcription in T cells is mediated by NFAT and NF-κB.Nucleic acids research · 2013Article
- Transcriptional regulation of BK virus by nuclear factor of activated T cells.Journal of virology · 2010Article
- HMGA1a recognition candidate DNA sequences in humans.PloS one · 2009Article
- Interaction between HMGA1 and retinoblastoma protein is required for adipocyte differentiation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2009Article
- Mina, an Il4 repressor, controls T helper type 2 bias.Nature immunology · 2009Article
- Evolutionary computation for discovery of composite transcription factor binding sites.Nucleic acids research · 2008Article
- Article
- BOB.1/OBF.1 controls the balance of TH1 and TH2 immune responses.The EMBO journal · 2007Article
- Nuclear factor of activated T cells balances angiogenesis activation and inhibition.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2004Article
- Mining microarray data to identify transcription factors expressed in naïve resting but not activated T lymphocytes.Genes and immunity · 2004Article
- Th2 cell-specific cytokine expression and allergen-induced airway inflammation depend on JunB.The EMBO journal · 2002Article
- Induction of NFATc2 expression by interleukin 6 promotes T helper type 2 differentiation.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2002Article
- HMGA1 and HMGA2 protein expression in mouse spermatogenesis.Oncogene · 2002Article
- Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) interacts with NFATc2 to modulate interleukin 4 gene expression.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2002Article
- Onset of natural killer cell lymphomas in transgenic mice carrying a truncated HMGI-C gene by the chronic stimulation of the IL-2 and IL-15 pathway.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2001Article
- Critical role of the HMGI(Y) proteins in adipocytic cell growth and differentiation.Molecular and cellular biology · 2001Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We show here that the immediate upstream region (from position -12 to -270) of the murine interleukin 4 (Il-4) gene harbors a strong cell-type specific transcriptional enhancer. In T lymphoma cells, the activity of the Il-4 promoter/enhancer is stimulated by phorbol esters, Ca++ ionophores and agonists of protein kinase A and inhibited by low doses of the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A. The Il-4 promoter/enhancer is transcriptionally inactive in B lymphoma cells and HeLa cells. DNase I footprint protection experiments revealed six sites of the Il-4 promoter/enhancer to be bound by nuclear proteins from lymphoid and myeloid cells. Among them are four purine boxes which have been described to be important sequence motifs of the Il-2 promoter. They contain the motif GGAAA and are recognized by the inducible and cyclosporin A-sensitive transcription factor NFAT-1. Three of the Il-4 NFAT-1 sites are closely linked to weak binding sites of Octamer factors. Several purine boxes and an AT-rich protein-binding site of the Il-4 promoter are also recognized by the high mobility group protein HMG I(Y). Whereas the binding of NFAT-1 and Octamer factors enhance the activity of the Il-4 promoter, the binding of HMG I(Y) suppresses its activity and, therefore, appears to be involved in the suppression of Il-4 transcription in resting T lymphocytes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.