ArticleThe American journal of pathology1994
HIV-1 nucleic acids localize to the spermatogonia and their progeny. A study by polymerase chain reaction in situ hybridization.
Article in The American journal of pathology, 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 136 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune Regulation in the Testis and Epididymis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Viruses, bacteria and parasites: infection of the male genital tract and fertility.Basic and clinical andrology · 2023Review
- The Good, the Bad and the Ugly of Testicular Immune Regulation: A Delicate Balance Between Immune Function and Immune Privilege.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Review
- Potential for Virus Endogenization in Humans through Testicular Germ Cell Infection: the Case of HIV.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- What viruses tell us about evolution and immunity: beyond Darwin?Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2019Review
- Evolution of Immune Systems From Viruses and Transposable Elements.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Review
- Strategies for Preventing HIV Infection Among HIV-Uninfected Women Attempting Conception with HIV-Infected Men - United States.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2017Review
- Semen as virus reservoir?Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2016Article
- APOBEC4 Enhances the Replication of HIV-1.PloS one · 2016Article
- Male infertility: a public health issue caused by sexually transmitted pathogens.Nature reviews. Urology · 2014Review
- RIG-I-like receptors mediate innate antiviral response in mouse testis.Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2013Article
- Revising the Role of Myeloid cells in HIV Pathogenesis.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2013Article
- A novel role for APOBEC3: susceptibility to sexual transmission of murine acquired immunodeficiency virus (mAIDS) is aggravated in APOBEC3 deficient mice.Retrovirology · 2012Article
- Article
- Human immunodeficiency virus infects human seminal vesicles in vitro and in vivo.The American journal of pathology · 2011Article
- The integrated HIV-1 provirus in patient sperm chromosome and its transfer into the early embryo by fertilization.PloS one · 2011Article
- HIV infection of the male genital tract--consequences for sexual transmission and reproduction.International journal of andrology · 2010Review
- Targeting Trojan Horse leukocytes for HIV prevention.AIDS (London, England) · 2010Review
- HIV reservoirs in vivo and new strategies for possible eradication of HIV from the reservoir sites.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2010Article
- Spermatozoa capture HIV-1 through heparan sulfate and efficiently transmit the virus to dendritic cells.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the histological distribution of in situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified HIV-1 nucleic acids in the male genital tract to elucidate the mechanism of sexual transmission of AIDS. Viral DNA was detected in the testicular tissue of 11 of 12 men with HIV-1 infection using the PCR in situ hybridization technique. The amplified viral DNA localized to many spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and rare spermatids. Relatively few viral infected macrophages were noted, mostly in the prostate. The viral infection was activated given the presence of cDNA sequences consistent with genomic and multiple spliced transcripts as determined by reverse transcription in situ PCR. PCR-amplified viral nucleic acids were not detected in the epithelial of the prostate, epididymis, seminal vesicles, or penis in men with AIDS nor in any genital tract tissues from three boys who died of AIDS acquired in utero. The demonstration that HIV-1 selectively infects the spermatogonia and their progeny suggests that this may serve as a primary source of venereal spread of the virus. Concomitant destruction of these cells by HIV-1 may also explain the marked inhibition of spermatogenesis and severe atrophy that characterizes the testes in AIDS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
8203455PMC1887452W2287854573What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.