ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1994
Limb and lower-body duplications induced by retinoic acid in mice.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disrupting the ASH2L-DPY30 PPI in cancer: structure, function, and therapeutic opportunities in H3K4 methylation.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2026Review
- Retinoid metabolism: new insights.Journal of molecular endocrinology · 2022Review
- Using high throughput screens to predict miscarriages with placental stem cells and long-term stress effects with embryonic stem cells.Birth defects research · 2022Review
- Chemical-Induced Cleft Palate Is Caused and Rescued by Pharmacological Modulation of the Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway in a Zebrafish Model.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2020Article
- Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Is Required for Cyp26 Expression during Embryonic Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Proceedings of the 2013 National Toxicology Program Satellite Symposium.Toxicologic pathology · 2014Article
- Chemical activation of RARβ induces post-embryonically bilateral limb duplication during Xenopus limb regeneration.Scientific reports · 2013Article
- A novel intergenic ETnII-β insertion mutation causes multiple malformations in polypodia mice.PLoS genetics · 2013Article
- Cyanobacteria blooms produce teratogenic retinoic acids.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2012Article
- Description and genetic mapping of Polypodia: an X-linked dominant mouse mutant with ectopic caudal limbs and other malformations.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2006Article
- Teratogenicity of retinoic acid and its effects on TGF-beta2 expression in the developing cerebral cortex of the rat.Journal of molecular histology · 2004Article
- Strategies for assessing the implications of malformed frogs for environmental health.Environmental health perspectives · 2000Article
- Developmental pathways: Sonic hedgehog-Patched-GLI.Environmental health perspectives · 1999Review
- Induction of mortality and malformation in Xenopus laevis embryos by water sources associated with field frog deformities.Environmental health perspectives · 1998Article
- AP-2-null cells disrupt morphogenesis of the eye, face, and limbs in chimeric mice.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1998Article
- Regulation of ES cell differentiation by functional and conformational modulation of p53.The EMBO journal · 1997Article
- Complete supernumerary leg in association with mesodermal abnormalities - a 16-year follow-up and literature review.Pediatric surgery international · 1996Article
- Hst-1 (FGF-4) antisense oligonucleotides block murine limb development.The Journal of cell biology · 1995Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The zygote and subsequent preimplantation stages of early mammalian development are susceptible to certain chemical perturbations that cause abnormal development of the conceptus. In certain cases, disruption in patterns of gene expression could be a primary event leading to abnormal development. To investigate this hypothesis, we treated pregnant mice with trans-retinoic acid, a known modulator of gene expression. Treatments were administered at various times during pregastrulation stages and the presumed onset of gastrulation. trans-Retinoic acid induced a distinctive set of malformations, as manifest by supernumerary and ectopic limbs and duplication of portions of the lower body, but only when administered during the period of 4.5-5.5 days after mating. (Other malformations were induced at different stages.) The limb and lower-body duplications suggest that exogenous trans-retinoic acid may influence not only the pattern for the hindlimbs but also that for the entire lower body. Since it appears likely that the embryos were affected in the late blastocyst and proamniotic-embryo stages, the provocative possibility arises that aspects of pattern formation of limbs and lower body actually occur prior to gastrulation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.