Glycoprotein IIb-IIIa and the translocation of Rap2B to the platelet cytoskeleton.

The stimulation of human platelets with physiological agonists results in the incorporation of several proteins into the cytoskeleton, fibrinogen binding, and platelet aggregation. We recently demonstrated that the Ras-related low molecular weight GTP-binding protein Rap2B associates with the cytoskeleton in activated platelets and that this interaction requires platelet aggregation. In the present study we demonstrate that agonist-induced actin polymerization is necessary for the translocation of Rap2B to the cytoskeleton, suggesting that Rap2B interacts with the newly formed actin filaments. Moreover, the association of Rap2B with Triton X-100-insoluble material from platelets was totally blocked by treatment of intact platelets with monoclonal antibodies against the fibrinogen receptor glycoprotein IIb-IIIa. Platelets from patients affected by Glanzmann thrombastenia, a genetic disorder in which platelet plasma membranes lack glycoprotein IIb-IIIa but possess normal levels of Ras-related proteins, failed to incorporate Rap2B into the cytoskeleton upon activation by thrombin. Comparative immunoblotting revealed that the translocation of Rap2B to the cytoskeleton during platelet aggregation was accompanied by the simultaneous translocation of glycoprotein IIb-IIIa. Moreover, the cytoskeleton from aggregated platelets contained Rap2B and glycoprotein IIb-IIIa in comparable amounts. These results demonstrate the association of Rap2B and glycoprotein IIb-IIIa and their translocation to the cytoskeleton in aggregated human platelets.