ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)1994
Milk consumption and bone mineral density in middle aged and elderly women.
Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 153 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effects of Dairy Product Supplementation on Bone Health Indices in Children Aged 3 to 18 Years: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Pooled it
- The effects of dairy and dairy derivatives on the gut microbiota: a systematic literature review.Gut microbes · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Short-term effect of bedtime consumption of fermented milk supplemented with calcium, inulin-type fructans and caseinphosphopeptides on bone metabolism in healthy, postmenopausal women.European journal of nutrition · 2009Trial
- Longitudinal monitoring of bone accretion measured by quantitative multi-site ultrasound (QUS) of bones in patients with delayed puberty (a pilot study).Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2005Trial
- Association between osteoporosis knowledge and bone health in patients with autoimmune diseases: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Dairy food intake is not associated with spinal trabecular bone score in men and women: the Framingham Osteoporosis Study.Nutrition journal · 2022Article
- Dairy products and bone health.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2022Review
- Dairy Food Intake Is Not Associated with Measures of Bone Microarchitecture in Men and Women: The Framingham Osteoporosis Study.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Milk Consumption and Bone Mineral Density in Adults: Using Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2011.Korean journal of family medicine · 2021Article
- The impact of diet, body composition, and physical activity on child bone mineral density at five years of age-findings from the ROLO Kids Study.European journal of pediatrics · 2020Article
- Association between dairy intake and fracture in an Australian-based cohort of women: a prospective study.BMJ open · 2019Article
- Higher Dairy Food Intake Is Associated With Higher Spine Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT) Bone Measures in the Framingham Study for Men But Not Women.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2018Article
- Dairy product intake and bone properties in 70-year-old men and women.Archives of osteoporosis · 2018Article
- Dairy Intake Is Protective against Bone Loss in Older Vitamin D Supplement Users: The Framingham Study.The Journal of nutrition · 2017Article
- Dietary Approaches for Bone Health: Lessons from the Framingham Osteoporosis Study.Current osteoporosis reports · 2015Review
- Calcium revisited, part III: effect of dietary calcium on BMD and fracture risk.BoneKEy reports · 2015Review
- Milk consumption throughout life and bone mineral content and density in elderly men and women.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2014Article
- Milk and protein intake by pregnant women affects growth of foetus.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2013Article
- Effects of calcium intake, milk and dairy product intake, and blood vitamin D level on osteoporosis risk in Korean adults: analysis of the 2008 and 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Nutrition research and practice · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on byMilk and bones.1994
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo study the effects of historical milk consumption on current bone mineral density at the hip and spine.
designCross sectional study. SUBJECTS: 284 community based women aged 44-74 years recruited from four general practice age-sex registers in Cambridge. Subjects categorised their average milk consumption up to age 25, from age 25-44, and from age 44 to the present time as > or = 1 glass/day, < 1 glass/day but > 1 glass/week, or < 1 glass/week.
main outcome measuresBone mineral density at the hip and spine measured by dual energy x ray absorptiometry.
resultsData on milk consumption up to age 25 years were available for 252 women. There was a consistent upward trend in bone mineral density at all sites with increasing historical milk consumption (total hip, femoral neck, trochanter, intertrochanter, P < 0.05; Ward's triangle, P = 0.005). Adjustment for age and body size did not alter these trends. Milk consumption up to age 25 was a significant independent predictor of bone mineral density at all sites in multiple linear regression analyses controlling for age, body mass index, menopausal status, smoking, ever use of hormone replacement therapy or oral contraceptives, physical activity, and alcohol intake. The effects of milk consumption from age 25-44 and from age 44 to the present were similar in direction though not statistically significant.
conclusionFrequent milk consumption before age 25 favourably influences hip bone mass in middle aged and older women.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.