ArticleNucleic acids research1994
Multiple elements in human beta-globin locus control region 5' HS 2 are involved in enhancer activity and position-independent, transgene expression.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Transcriptional mechanisms underlying hemoglobin synthesis.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2013Review
- LCR 5' hypersensitive site specificity for globin gene activation within the active chromatin hub.Nucleic acids research · 2012Article
- The effect of functional compensation among duplicate genes can constrain their evolutionary divergence.Journal of genetics · 2012Article
- Advances in genome studies: The PAG 2010 conference.Functional & integrative genomics · 2010Article
- Stage-specific repression by the EKLF transcriptional activator.Molecular and cellular biology · 2004Article
- Requirements for utilization of CREB binding protein by hypersensitive site two of the beta-globin locus control region.Nucleic acids research · 2002Article
- Enhancer activity of HS2 of the human beta-LCR is modulated by distance from the key nucleosome.Nucleic acids research · 2001Article
- Sequences flanking hypersensitive sites of the beta-globin locus control region are required for synergistic enhancement.Molecular and cellular biology · 2001Article
- Site-specific acetylation by p300 or CREB binding protein regulates erythroid Krüppel-like factor transcriptional activity via its interaction with the SWI-SNF complex.Molecular and cellular biology · 2001Article
- Structural and functional cross-talk between a distant enhancer and the epsilon-globin gene promoter shows interdependence of the two elements in chromatin.Molecular and cellular biology · 1999Article
- Targeting a SWI/SNF-related chromatin remodeling complex to the beta-globin promoter in erythroid cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1999Article
- The beta-globin promoter is important for recruitment of erythroid Krüppel-like factor to the locus control region in erythroid cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1999Article
- Acetylation and modulation of erythroid Krüppel-like factor (EKLF) activity by interaction with histone acetyltransferases.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1998Article
- Mitogen-activated protein kinases enhance long-range activation by the beta-globin locus control region.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1998Article
- Stochastic, stage-specific mechanisms account for the variegation of a human globin transgene.Nucleic acids research · 1998Article
- Transcription of the HS2 enhancer toward a cis-linked gene is independent of the orientation, position, and distance of the enhancer relative to the gene.Molecular and cellular biology · 1997Article
- Reactivation of silenced, virally transduced genes by inhibitors of histone deacetylase.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1997Article
- Essential role of NF-E2 in remodeling of chromatin structure and transcriptional activation of the epsilon-globin gene in vivo by 5' hypersensitive site 2 of the beta-globin locus control region.Molecular and cellular biology · 1996Article
- Sequences within and flanking hypersensitive sites 3 and 2 of the beta-globin locus control region required for synergistic versus additive interaction with the epsilon-globin gene promoter.Nucleic acids research · 1996Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The human beta-globin Locus Control Region (LCR) has two important activities. First, the LCR opens a 200 kb chromosomal domain containing the human epsilon-, gamma- and beta-globin genes and, secondly, these sequences function as a powerful enhancer of epsilon-, gamma- and beta-globin gene expression. Erythroid-specific, DNase I hypersensitive sites (HS) mark sequences that are critical for LCR activity. Previous experiments demonstrated that a 1.9 kb fragment containing the 5' HS 2 site confers position-independent expression in transgenic mice and enhances human beta-globin gene expression 100-fold. Further analysis of this region demonstrates that multiple sequences are required for maximal enhancer activity; deletion of SP1, NF-E2, GATA-1 or USF binding sites significantly decrease beta-globin gene expression. In contrast, no single site is required for position-independent transgene expression; all mice with site-specific mutations in 5' HS 2 express human beta-globin mRNA regardless of the site of transgene integration. Apparently, multiple combinations of protein binding sites in 5' HS 2 are sufficient to prevent chromosomal position effects that inhibit transgene expression.
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