ArticleExperimental brain research1993
Cholinergic neurons in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus are involved in the mediation of prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response in the rat.
Article in Experimental brain research, 1993. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 273 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic Determinants of Gating Functions: Do We Get Closer to Understanding Schizophrenia Etiopathogenesis?Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- Startle-induced reaction time shortening is not modified by prepulse inhibition.Experimental brain research · 2005Trial
- Associations between prepulse inhibition and executive visual attention in children with the 22q11 deletion syndrome.Molecular psychiatry · 2005Trial
- Reflex excitability regulates prepulse inhibition.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2000Trial
- Chronic Chemogenetic Activation of Astrocytes in the Murine Mesopontine Region Leads to Disturbances in Circadian Activity and Movement.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Pedunculopontine-induced cortical decoupling as the neurophysiological locus of dissociation.Psychological review · 2023Article
- Dystonia-like behaviors and impaired sensory-motor integration following neurotoxic lesion of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus in mice.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Monoallelic loss of the F-actin-binding protein radixin facilitates startle reactivity and pre-pulse inhibition in mice.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
- Human wildtype tau expression in cholinergic pedunculopontine tegmental neurons is sufficient to produce PSP-like behavioural deficits and neuropathology.The European journal of neuroscience · 2021Article
- The amygdala modulates prepulse inhibition of the auditory startle reflex through excitatory inputs to the caudal pontine reticular nucleus.BMC biology · 2021Article
- Inhibition of the Deep and Intermediate Layers of the Superior Colliculus Disrupts Sensorimotor Gating in Monkeys.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2020Article
- An Empirical Mediation Analysis of Mechanisms Underlying HIV-1-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.Brain research · 2019Review
- Fear leads to a deficit of prepulse inhibition of blink reflex in healthy humans.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2019Article
- Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for HAND.Journal of neurovirology · 2019Review
- Crybb2 Mutations Consistently Affect Schizophrenia Endophenotypes in Mice.Molecular neurobiology · 2019Article
- Focus on the pedunculopontine nucleus. Consensus review from the May 2018 brainstem society meeting in Washington, DC, USA.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2019Review
- Gap-induced inhibition of the post-auricular muscle response in humans and guinea pigs.Hearing research · 2019Article
- Role of mesial temporal lobe structures in sensory processing in humans: a prepulse modulation study in temporal lobe epilepsy.Experimental brain research · 2018Article
- The Role of Cholinergic Midbrain Neurons in Startle and Prepulse Inhibition.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2018Article
- Presynaptic Inhibition Selectively Gates Auditory Transmission to the Brainstem Startle Circuit.Current biology : CB · 2018Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The amplitude of the acoustic startle response (ASR) is markedly reduced when the startle eliciting pulse is preceded by a weak, non-startling stimulus at an appropriate lead time, usually about 100 ms. This phenomenon is termed prepulse inhibition (PPI) and has received considerable attention in recent years as a model of sensorimotor gating. We report here on experiments which were undertaken in order to investigate some of the neural mechanisms of PPI. We focused on the characterization of the cholinergic innervation of the pontine reticular nucleus, caudal part (PnC), an obligatory relay station in the primary startle pathway. The combination of retrograde tracing with choline acetyltransferase-immunocytochemistry revealed a cholinergic projection from the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg) and laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDTg) to the PnC. Extracellular recording from single PnC units, combined with microiontophoretic application of the acetylcholine (ACh) agonists acetyl-beta-methylcholine (AMCH) and carbachol revealed that ACh inhibits the majority of acoustically responsive PnC neurons. Neurotoxic lesions of the cholinergic neurons of the PPTg significantly reduced PPI without affecting the ASR amplitude in the absence of prepulses. No effect on long-term habituation of the ASR was observed. The present data indicate that the pathway mediating PPI impinges upon the primary acoustic startle circuit through an inhibitory cholinergic projection from the PPTg to the PnC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.