ArticleNucleic acids research1994
Sp1 is essential for both enhancer-mediated and basal activation of the TATA-less human adenosine deaminase promoter.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Novel variants impairing Sp1 transcription factor binding in the COL7A1 promoter cause mild cases of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2025Article
- Adenosine deaminase, not immune to a mechanistic rethink in central nervous system disorders?Histology and histopathology · 2022Review
- Article
- A functional SNP in the regulatory region of the decay-accelerating factor gene associates with extraocular muscle pareses in myasthenia gravis.Genes and immunity · 2010Article
- Cloning, expression, and functional analysis of rat liver cytosolic inorganic pyrophosphatase gene and characterization of its functional promoter.Gene expression · 2007Article
- Constitutive expression of murine decay-accelerating factor 1 is controlled by the transcription factor Sp1.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2006Article
- Characterization of the mouse myeloid-associated differentiation marker (MYADM) gene: promoter analysis and protein localization.Molecular biology reports · 2005Article
- Regulation of expression of the stress response gene, Osp94: identification of the tonicity response element and intracellular signalling pathways.The Biochemical journal · 2004Article
- Article
- Conservation of glutamine-rich transactivation function between yeast and humans.Molecular and cellular biology · 2000Article
- Characterization of the TATA-less core promoter of the cell cycle-regulated cdc25C gene.Nucleic acids research · 1997Article
- Sp1-mediated transactivation of LamC1 promoter and coordinated expression of laminin-gamma1 and Sp1 in human hepatocellular carcinomas.The American journal of pathology · 1997Article
- Characterization of the rat mdr2 promoter and its regulation by the transcription factor Sp1.Nucleic acids research · 1996Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Tissue-specific expression of the human adenosine deaminase (ADA) gene is mediated by transcriptional activation over a thousand-fold range. Cis-regulatory regions responsible for high and basal levels of activation include an enhancer and the proximal promoter region. While analyses of the T-cell specific enhancer have been carried out, detailed studies of the the promoter region or promoter-enhancer interactions have not. Examination of the promoter region by homology searches revealed six putative Sp1 binding sites. DNase I footprinting showed that Sp1 is able to bind these sites. Deletion analysis indicated that the proximal Sp1 site is required for activation of a reporter gene to detectable levels and that the more distal Sp1 sites further activate the level of expression. Inclusion of an ADA enhancer-containing fragment in these deletion constructions demonstrated that Sp1 sites are also essential for enhancer function. Apparently Sp1 controls not only low level expression but is also an integral part of the mechanism by which the enhancer achieves high level ADA expression. Mutagenesis of a potential TBP binding site at base pairs -21 to -26 decreased activity only two-fold indicating that it is not essential for transcriptional activation or enhancement.
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