ArticleJournal of virology1994
Repression of enhancer II activity by a negative regulatory element in the hepatitis B virus genome.
Article in Journal of virology, 1994. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hepatitis B virus with mutations in the core promoter for an e antigen-negative phenotype in carriers with antibody to e antigen.Journal of virology · 1994Trial
- Revisiting Hepatitis B Virus: Challenges of Curative Therapies.Journal of virology · 2019Review
- Hepatitis B Virus X Protein Stimulates Virus Replication Via DNA Methylation of the C-1619 in Covalently Closed Circular DNA.Molecules and cells · 2019Article
- Stronger enhancer II/core promoter activities of hepatitis B virus isolates of B2 subgenotype than those of C2 subgenotype.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Article
- The G1613A mutation in the HBV genome affects HBeAg expression and viral replication through altered core promoter activity.PloS one · 2011Article
- Methylation regulates hepatitis B viral protein expression.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2009Article
- Distinct modes of regulation of transcription of hepatitis B virus by the nuclear receptors HNF4alpha and COUP-TF1.Journal of virology · 2003Article
- Identification of multiple transcription factors, HLF, FTF, and E4BP4, controlling hepatitis B virus enhancer II.Journal of virology · 2000Article
- Transcriptional repression of human hepatitis B virus genes by a bZIP family member, E4BP4.Journal of virology · 1999Article
- Promoters for synthesis of the pre-C and pregenomic mRNAs of human hepatitis B virus are genetically distinct and differentially regulated.Journal of virology · 1996Article
- Type, prevalence, and significance of core promoter/enhancer II mutations in hepatitis B viruses from immunosuppressed patients with severe liver disease.Journal of virology · 1996Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Enhancer II of human hepatitis B virus has dual functions in vivo. Located at nucleotides (nt) 1646 to 1741, it can stimulate the surface and X promoters from a downstream position. Moreover, the same sequence can also function as upstream regulatory element that activates the core promoter in a position- and orientation-dependent manner. In this study, we report the identification and characterization of a negative regulatory element (NRE) upstream of enhancer II (nt 1613 to 1636) which can repress both the enhancer and upstream stimulatory function of the enhancer II sequence in differentiated liver cells. This NRE has marginal inhibitory effect by itself but a strong repressive function in the presence of a functional enhancer II. Mutational analysis reveals that sequence from nt 1616 to 1621 is required for repression of enhancer activity by the NRE. Gel shift analysis reveals that this negative regulatory region can be recognized by a specific protein factor(s) present at the 0.4 M NaCl fraction of HepG2 nuclear extracts. The discovery of the NRE indicates that HBV gene transcription is controlled by combined effects of both positive and negative regulation. It also provides a unique system with which to study the mechanism of negative regulation of gene expression.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.